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Nickel and copper foam electrodes modified with graphene or carbon nanotubes for electrochemical identification of Chinese rice wines

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Abstract

The authors describe the application of two types of metallic foams modified with either graphene (GR) or carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as voltammetric electrodes in order to discriminate rice wines of different age and brand. Two types of bare metallic foams (bare Ni and Cu foam electrodes) were combined with GR or CNTs to give four types of modified metallic foams, referred to as GR/Ni, GR/Cu, CNT/Ni, and CNT/Cu foam electrodes. Cyclic voltammetry was applied to study the effects of GR and CNTs on the response of the electrodes. Multifrequency rectangle pulse voltammetry and multifrequency staircase pulse voltammetry were applied to generate potential waveforms, and chronoamperometric curves were recorded. Principal component analysis (PCA) allowed a classification of the rice wines, and characteristic regular distributions were identified in the PCA plots. Support vector machines (SVM) were found to perform better than partial least squares regression in predicting ages and brands of the rice wines in that all fit correlation coefficients were >0.9930. The SVM based leave-one-out cross-validation method proved to be the most powerful regression tool. The six types of foam electrodes perform very well in the classification and prediction of rice wines of different ages and brands.

Modified Ni and Cu foams were modified by grapheme and carbon nanotubes respectively. Those modified electrodes worked well to classify and predict rice wines of different ages and brands with the help of multi-frequency potential waveforms and pattern recognition methods.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Chinese National Foundation of Nature and Science through Project 31570005 and 31201368, the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation 2012 M511373, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 2015QNA6004.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China

    Zhenbo Wei, Weilin Zhang & Jun Wang

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  1. Zhenbo Wei
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  2. Weilin Zhang
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  3. Jun Wang
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Correspondence to Jun Wang.

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Wei, Z., Zhang, W. & Wang, J. Nickel and copper foam electrodes modified with graphene or carbon nanotubes for electrochemical identification of Chinese rice wines. Microchim Acta 184, 3441–3451 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-017-2350-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-017-2350-9

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