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Immunoassay for troponin I using a glassy carbon electrode modified with a hybrid film consisting of graphene and multiwalled carbon nanotubes and decorated with platinum nanoparticles

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Abstract

This article describes a bioelectrode for the determination of human cardiac troponin-I (cTnI). A glassy carbon electrode was coated with a hybrid film of graphene and multiwalled carbon nanotube (G-MWCNT) and modified with platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) that were capped with mercaptopropionic acid. The PtNPs were anchored on the G-MWCNT hybrid film via the cross-linker 1-pyrenemethylamine and subsequently functionalized with antibody against troponin (anti-cTnI). The bioelectrode was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The performance of the immunoelectrode was investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and response was fit to Randle’s equivalent circuit model. The charge transfer resistance (Ret) at a.c. frequencies of <1 Hz is found to be a viable sensing parameter. The dissociation constant of the immunoreaction between surface immobilized anti-cTnI and the analyte cTnI is 0.29 nM (with a Hill coefficient of 0.23), this indicating a negative cooperativity and high binding affinity of cTnI for anti-cTnI on the electrode surface. The EIS response is linear in the 1.0 pg mL−1 to 10 ng mL−1 concentration range, and the Ret sensitivity is 145.5 Ω cm2 per decade.

We report on a sensitive and stable impedimetric immunosensor for troponin I, a marker for myocardial infarction. The biosensor was prepared by modifying the electrode with a highly electroactive three-dimensional graphene-multiwalled carbon nanotube hybrid, platinum nanoparticles, and antibody

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Director, National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, India for providing research facilities. Shobhita Singal is thankful to CSIR for providing a senior research fellowship. We are also thankful to Mr. V.K. Tanwar and Mr. Vikash Sharma, for technical help.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi, -110012, India

    Shobhita Singal, Avanish K Srivastava, Bhasker Gahtori &  Rajesh

  2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi, -110012, India

    Shobhita Singal &  Rajesh

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  1. Shobhita Singal
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  2. Avanish K Srivastava
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Correspondence to Rajesh.

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Singal, S., Srivastava, A.K., Gahtori, B. et al. Immunoassay for troponin I using a glassy carbon electrode modified with a hybrid film consisting of graphene and multiwalled carbon nanotubes and decorated with platinum nanoparticles. Microchim Acta 183, 1375–1384 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-016-1759-x

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