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Optofluidic devices with integrated solid-state nanopores

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Abstract

This review (with 90 refs.) covers the state of the art in optofluidic devices with integrated solid-state nanopores for use in detection and sensing. Following an introduction into principles of optofluidics and solid-state nanopore technology, we discuss features of solid-state nanopore based assays using optofluidics. This includes the incorporation of solid-state nanopores into optofluidic platforms based on liquid-core anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguides (ARROWs), methods for their fabrication, aspects of single particle detection and particle manipulation. We then describe the new functionalities provided by solid-state nanopores integrated into optofluidic chips, in particular acting as smart gates for correlated electro-optical detection and discrimination of nanoparticles. This enables the identification of viruses and λ-DNA, particle trajectory simulations, enhancing sensitivity by tuning the shape of nanopores. The review concludes with a summary and an outlook.

Optical detection of particle translocation through the solid-state nanopore is commonly fullfilled using a top-down microscope. The integration of the solid-state nanopore into the optofluidic chip combines the advantages of solid-state nanopore, optical detection, and fluidics control.

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Acknowledgments

We thank D.W. Deamer and H.F. Noller for fruitful discussions, T.D. Yuzvinsky for EDS spectroscopy analysis, Y. Zhao and T.A. Wall for ARROW chips fabrication, D. Ozcelik for particle trajectory simulations, and J.W. Parks for virus sample preparation. We acknowledge support by the W.M. Keck Center for Nanoscale Optofluidics at University of California, Santa Cruz, the NSF under grants CBET-1402848 and CBET-1159423, and the NIH under grants R01EB006097 and R21EB008802.

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  1. School of Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA

    Shuo Liu & Holger Schmidt

  2. ECEn Department, 459 Clyde Building, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA

    Aaron R. Hawkins

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Liu, S., Hawkins, A.R. & Schmidt, H. Optofluidic devices with integrated solid-state nanopores. Microchim Acta 183, 1275–1287 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-016-1758-y

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