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Analysis of trace amounts of chlorobenzenes in water samples: An approach towards the automation of dynamic hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction

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Abstract

We have combined dynamic hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction with GC and electron capture detection for the quantitative determination of five chlorobenzenes in water samples. Extraction is based on an automated dynamic extraction device called TT-tube extractor which consists of a polypropylene hollow fiber mounted inside a stainless steel tube. Toluene is used as the extraction solvent that fills the lumen and pores of the hydrophobic fiber and flows through the lumen of the fiber using a programmable syringe pump. The type of organic solvent, ionic strength, diameter of the TT-tube, sample volume, and the times for extraction and dwelling were optimized. Under optimum conditions, the method gives limits of detection as low as 10–100 ng L−1, a linear dynamic range of 0.05–100 μg L−1, and relative standard deviations of <7% (n = 6). The preconcentration factor can be as large as 562–973. In an example for a practical application, the chlorobenzenes were successfully determined in environmental aqueous samples. The hollow fiber membrane can be used at least 20 times without any carry-over or loss in extraction efficiency. The system is inexpensive and convenient, and requires minimal manual handling.

Dynamic hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction apparatus

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115–175, Tehran, Iran

    Ali Esrafili, Yadollah Yamini, Mahnaz Ghambarian, Shahram Seidi & Morteza Moradi

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  1. Ali Esrafili
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  2. Yadollah Yamini
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  3. Mahnaz Ghambarian
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  4. Shahram Seidi
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  5. Morteza Moradi
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Correspondence to Yadollah Yamini.

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Esrafili, A., Yamini, Y., Ghambarian, M. et al. Analysis of trace amounts of chlorobenzenes in water samples: An approach towards the automation of dynamic hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction. Microchim Acta 176, 367–374 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-011-0720-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-011-0720-2

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