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Selective solid-phase extraction and separation of trace gold, palladium and platinum using activated carbon modified with ethyl-3-(2-aminoethylamino)-2-chlorobut-2-enoate

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Abstract

Activated carbon was chemically modified with ethyl-3-(2-aminoethylamino)-2-chlorobut-2-enoate to obtain a material for selective solid-phase extraction of trace Au(III), Pd(II) and Pt(IV) prior to their determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Experimental conditions such as effects of pH, shaking time, sample flow rate and volume, elution and interfering ions were studied. The ions Au(III), Pd(II) and Pt(IV) can be quantitatively adsorbed on the new sorbent from solution of pH 1. The adsorbed ions were then eluted with 0.1 mol L−1 hydrochloric acid and containing 4% thiourea. Many common ions do not interfere. The adsorption capacity of the material is 305, 92, and 126 mg g−1 for Au(III), Pd(II) and Pt(IV), respectively, and the detection limits are 5, 11 and 9 ng mL−1. The relative standard deviation is less than 3.0% (n = 8) under optimum conditions. The method was validated by analyzing two certified reference materials and successfully applied to the preconcentration and determination of these ions in actual samples with satisfactory results.

Activated carbon was chemically modified with ethyl-3-(2-aminoethylamino)-2-chlorobut-2-enoate to obtain a material for selective solid-phase extraction of trace Au(III), Pd(II) and Pt(IV) prior to their determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Parameters affecting solid-phase extraction were systematically studied. This new adsorbent exhibited good characteristics for separation and preconcentration of Au(III), Pd(II) and Pt(IV) in aqueous solution, such as excellent selectivity, fast adsorption equilibrium, high tolerance limits of potentially interfering ions, high enrichment factor and low costs. It also shows relatively high adsorption capacity when compared to several other adsorbents. In addition, the synthetic method of the adsorbent was very simple.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China

    Zhifeng Tu, Shenci Lu, Xijun Chang, Zhenhua Li, Zheng Hu, Lijun Zhang & Hua Tian

  2. Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China

    Zhifeng Tu, Xijun Chang, Zhenhua Li, Zheng Hu, Lijun Zhang & Hua Tian

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  1. Zhifeng Tu
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Tu, Z., Lu, S., Chang, X. et al. Selective solid-phase extraction and separation of trace gold, palladium and platinum using activated carbon modified with ethyl-3-(2-aminoethylamino)-2-chlorobut-2-enoate. Microchim Acta 173, 231–239 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-011-0552-0

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