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Phase equilibrium and macrolide antibiotics partitioning in real water samples using a two-phase system composed of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and an aqueous solution of an inorganic salt

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Abstract

An ionic liquid-salt aqueous two-phase system (ILATPS) based on the hydrophilic ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim]BF4) and inorganic salt was developed for direct separation and analysis of macrolide antibiotics coupled with molecular fluorescence spectrophotometry. Liquid–liquid equilibria of [Bmim]BF4-salt aqueous two-phase systems were studied for different salts and temperatures. It was found that the salting-out ability of different salts may be related to the Gibbs energy of hydration of the ions, and the two-phase area was expanded with a decrease in temperature. The partition coefficients as well as extraction efficiencies of azithromycin and mydecamycin in [Bmim]BF4-salt aqueous two-phase system were influenced by the types of salts, concentration of salt, and the extracting temperature. Under the optimum conditions, the average partition coefficient of azithromycin in [Bmim]BF4-Na2CO3 ILATPS was 162, and that of mydecamycin in [Bmim]BF4- NaH2PO4 ILATPS was 90.9. This method has been satisfactorily applied to the determination of azithromycin and mydecamycin in real water samples with detection limits of 0.059 µg mL−1 and 0.019 µg mL−1. This extraction method is a simple, non-toxic and effective sample pretreatment technique with promise also for the separation of other small biomolecules.

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Acknowledgements

This work has been supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20777029, No. 20876071 and No. 20976074) and the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (No. 200807100004).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China

    Juan Han, Yun Wang, Wenbin Kang, Chunxiang Li, Yongsheng Yan, Jianming Pan & Xueqiao Xie

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  1. Juan Han
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  2. Yun Wang
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  3. Wenbin Kang
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  4. Chunxiang Li
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  5. Yongsheng Yan
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Han, J., Wang, Y., Kang, W. et al. Phase equilibrium and macrolide antibiotics partitioning in real water samples using a two-phase system composed of the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and an aqueous solution of an inorganic salt. Microchim Acta 169, 15–22 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-010-0298-0

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