Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Synthesis of helical and straight carbon nanofibers by chemical vapor deposition using alkali chloride catalysts

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Microchimica Acta Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Carbon nanofibers were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition using alkali chloride catalysts at a temperature range from 500 to 700 °C. Depending on the deposition temperature and catalyst used, either helical or straight fibers with a fiber diameter of about 100 nm can be synthesized. The catalysts are water-soluble, and hence they can be removed from the deposited products by simple water-washing instead of using highly concentrated acid to remove metal catalysts.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Sadeghian R, Gangireddy S, Minaie B, Hsiao K-T (2006) Manufacturing carbon nanofibers toughened polyester/glass fiber composites using vacuum assisted resin transfer molding for enhancing the mode-I delamination resistance. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf 37:1787

    Google Scholar 

  2. Zeng J, Wei W, Liu X, Wang Y, Luo G (2008) A simple method to fabricate a Prussian blue nanoparticles/carbon nanotubes/poly(1,2-diaminobenzene) based glucose biosensor. Mikrochim Acta 160:261

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. He P, Xu Y, Fang Y (2006) Applications of carbon nanotubes in electrochemical DNA biosensors. Mikrochim Acta 152:175

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Wang C, Li C, Ting L, Xu X, Wang C (2006) Application of a single-wall carbon nano-tube film electrode to the determination of trace amounts of folic acid. Mikrochim Acta 152:233

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Chowdhury KD, Howard JB, VanderSande JB (1996) Fullerenic nanostructures in flames. J Mater Res 11:341

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Richter H, Hernadi K, Caudano R, Fonseca A, Migeon H-N, Nagy JB, Schneider S, Vandooren J, Van Tiggelen P-J (1996) Formation of nanotubes in low pressure hydrocarbon flames. Carbon 34:427

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Hatta N, Murata K (1994) Very long graphitic nanotubules synthesized by plasmadecomposition of benzene. Chem Phys Lett 217:398

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Ebbesen TW, Ajayan PM (1992) Large-scale synthesis of carbon nanotubes. Nature 358:220

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Blank VD, Alshevskiy YL, Zaitsev AI, Kazennov NV, Perezhogin IA, Kulnitskiy BA (2006) Structure and phase composition of a catalyst for carbon nanofiber formation. Scr Mater 55:1035

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Tang N, Zhong W, Gedanken A, Du Y (2006) A study of the stability of pyrolytic carbon-coated Fe/SiO2 composites in HNO3 and the effect of pyrolysis temperatures on their magnetic properties. J Phys Chem B 110:11772

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Martin-Gullon I, Vera J, Conesa JA, González JL, Merino C (2006) Differences between carbon nanofibers produced using Fe and Ni catalysts in a floating catalyst reactor. Carbon 44:1572

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Xia W, Su D, Birkner A, Ruppel L, Wang Y, Wöll C, Qian J, Liang C, Marginean G, Brandl W, Muhler M (2005) Chemical vapor deposition and synthesis on carbon nanofibers: sintering of ferrocene-derived supported iron nanoparticles and the catalytic growth of secondary carbon nanofibers. Chem Mater 17:5737

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Yamada Y, Hosono Y, Murakoshi N, Higashi N, Ichi-oka H, Miyake T, Ikenaga N, Suzuki T (2006) Carbon nanofiber formation on iron group metal loaded on SiO2. Diamond and Related Materials 15:1080

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Lucas A, Garrido A, Sánchez P, Romero A, Valverde JL (2005) Growth of carbon nanofibers from Ni/Y zeolite based catalysts: effects of Ni introduction method, reaction temperature and reaction gas composition. Ind Eng Chem Res 44:8225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Pham-Huu C, Vieira R, Louis B, Carvalho A, Amadou J, Dintzer T, Ledoux MJ (2006) About the octopus-like growth mechanism of carbon nanofibers over graphite supported nickel catalyst. J Catal 240:194

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Jarrah NA, Ommen JG, Lefferts L (2006) Mechanistic aspects of the formation of carbon-nanofibers on the surface of Ni foam: a new microstructured catalyst support. J Catal 239:460

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Seidel R, Duesberg GS, Unger E, Graham AP, Liebau M, Kreupl F (2004) Chemical vapor deposition growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes at 600°C and a simple growth model. J Phys Chem B 108:1888

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Chen X, Motojima S, Iwanga H (2002) Vapor phase preparation of super-elastic carbon micro-coils. J Cryst Growth 237–239:1931

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Tao XY, Zhang XB, Zhang L, Cheng JP, Liu F, Luo JH, Luo ZQ, Geise HJ (2006) Synthesis of multi-branched porous carbon nanofibers and their application in electrochemical double-layer capacitors. Carbon 44:1425

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Anderson PE, Rodriguez NM (2000) Influence of the support on the structural characteristics of carbon nanofibers produced from the metal-catalyzed decomposition of ethylene. Chem Mater 12:823

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Takenaka S, Ishida M, Serizawa M, Tanabe E, Otsuka K (2004) Formation of carbon nanofibers and carbon nanotubes through methane decomposition over supported cobalt catalysts. J Phys Chem B 108:11464

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Carneiro OC, Kim MS, Yim JB, Rodriguez NM, Baker RTK (2003) Growth of graphite nanofibers from the iron-copper catalyzed decomposition of CO/H2 mixtures. J Phys Chem B 107:4237

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Geng J, Kinloch IA, Singh C, Golovko VB, Johnson BFG, Shaffer MSP, Li Y, Windle AH (2005) Production of carbon nanofibers in high yields using a sodium chloride support. J Phys Chem B 109:16665

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Steigerwalt ES, Lukehart CM (2002) Preparation of graphitic carbon nanofibers with the use of water-soluble supports. J Nanosci Nanotech 2:25

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Zhang Y, Sun X (2007) Synthesis of carbon nanofibers and foam by catalytic chemical vapor deposition using a water-soluble alkali salt catalyst. Adv Mater 19:961

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Zhang Y, Zou X, Sui L (2006) The effects of potassium halides on catalytic activities of CeO2–K based catalysts for diesel soot oxidation. Catalysis Communications 7:855

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Merkulov VI, Hensley DK, Melechko AV, Guillorn MA, Lowndes DH, Simpson ML (2002) Control Mechanisms for the growth of isolated vertically aligned carbon nanofibers. J Phys Chem B 106:10570

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Baker RTK (1989) Catalytic growth of carbon filaments. Carbon 27:315

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Zeng Z, Natesan K (2005) Relationship between the growth of carbon nanofilaments and metal dusting corrosion. Chem Mater 17:3794

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Baker RTK, Barber MA, Harris PS, Feates FS, Waite RJ (1972) Nucleation and growth of carbon deposits from the nickel catalyzed decomposition of acetylene. J Catal 26:51

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Oberlin A, Endo M, Koyama T (1976) Filamentous growth of carbon through benzene decomposition. J Cryst Growth 32:335

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Kawaguchi M, Nozaki K, Motojima S, Iwanaga H (1992) A growth mechanism of regularly coiled carbon fibers through acetylene pyrolysis. J Cryst Growth 118:309

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the financial supports provided by the China National Science Foundation (50742006), Ph.D. Foundation of Education Ministry (20070426002) and Education Department of Shandong Province (J07YA13-2), China.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Song-Ling Road, Qingdao, 266000, China

    Yuhua Qin

  2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zheng-Zhou Road, Qingdao, 266042, China

    Yongheng Zhang & Xiao Sun

Authors
  1. Yuhua Qin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yongheng Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Xiao Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yongheng Zhang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Qin, Y., Zhang, Y. & Sun, X. Synthesis of helical and straight carbon nanofibers by chemical vapor deposition using alkali chloride catalysts. Microchim Acta 164, 425–430 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-008-0078-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-008-0078-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation