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Headspace single-drop microextraction with in situ stibine generation for the determination of antimony (III) and total antimony by electrothermal-atomic absorption spectrometry

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Abstract

A headspace-single drop microextraction method combined with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) is developed for the extraction and preconcentration of antimony(III) and total antimony into a Pd(II)-containing aqueous drop after hydride generation. Experimental variables such as hydrochloric acid and sodium tetrahydroborate concentrations, sample volume, Pd(II) concentration in the acceptor phase and microextraction time were optimized. A 26-2 IV factorial fractional design was initially used for screening the effect of the variables, followed by an univariate approach. The method showed a great freedom from interferences caused by hydride-forming elements and transition metals. The detection limit of Sb(III) was 25 pg mL−1. A preconcentration factor of 176 is achieved in 3 min. The repeatability, expressed as relative standard deviation, was 4.7%. The method was validated against two certified reference materials (NWRI-TM 27.2 and NIST 2711) and applied to the determination of Sb(III) and total Sb in waters.

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Acknowledgements

The financial support from the Spanish Education and Science Ministry (project CTQ2006-04111/BQU) and the Galician government (Xunta de Galicia) (project PGIDIT05PXIB31401PR) is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Química Analítica y Alimentaria, Area de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidade de Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende s/n, ESP 36310, Vigo, Spain

    Francisco Pena-Pereira, Isela Lavilla & Carlos Bendicho

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  1. Francisco Pena-Pereira
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  2. Isela Lavilla
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  3. Carlos Bendicho
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Correspondence to Carlos Bendicho.

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Pena-Pereira, F., Lavilla, I. & Bendicho, C. Headspace single-drop microextraction with in situ stibine generation for the determination of antimony (III) and total antimony by electrothermal-atomic absorption spectrometry. Microchim Acta 164, 77–83 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-008-0036-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-008-0036-z

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