Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Development and Application of a Two-Phase Clean-Up System in Food Samples Prior to Fluorescence Analysis of Aflatoxins

  • Published:
Microchimica Acta Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract.

A new method based on the use of a two-phase separation system is proposed for the clean-up of aflatoxins after their extraction from food samples. After extraction from the sample with an appropriate solvent, aflatoxins contained in organic solvent diffuse to the aqueous phase. At that stage their relative concentration is measured fluorimetrically at 350 nm (λexc). Different organic solvents were tested, and the composition of the aqueous phase was varied. The data obtained showed that the best efficiencies were observed with toluene and PBS-65% methanol. The method was simpler and shorter, and capable of monitoring aflatoxins in samples with a LOD equal to 0.3 µg kg−1 (AFB1). However, the proposed method shows limited selectivity and could thus serve as a screening method for total aflatoxins or be combined with chromatographic techniques for individual aflatoxin determination.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • J W Bennett L A Goldblatt (1973) Sabouraudia 11 235 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:CSuD28vgslY%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC (1987) Monograph on the evaluation of carcinogenic risk to humans [Suppl] 1(56): 82

  • Hall A J, Wild C P (1994) In: Eaton D L, Groopman J D (eds) The toxicology of aflatoxins: human health, veterinary and agricultural significance, p 233

  • Pier A C, Mc Loughlin M E (1985) In: Lacey J (ed) Trichothecenes and other mycotoxins Wiley, Chirchester, p 507

  • D L Eaton E P Gallagher (1994) Ann Rev Pharm Tox 34 135 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXksFWms78%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • C Micco C Brera M Miraglia R Onori (1987) Food Addit Contam 4 407 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXitVKiug%3D%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stoloff L (1977) In: Rodricks J V, Hesseltine C W, Ehlman M A (eds) Aflatoxins – an overview: mycotoxins in human and animal health, p 7

  • International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC (1993) Monograph on the evaluation of carcinogenic risk to humans. WHO 56: 245

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission Regulation No. 194/97, Amended by European Commission Regulation (1998) No. 1525/98, L201, 43

  • N Bradburn R D Coker G Blunden (1995) Food Chem 52 179 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0308-8146(94)P4201-P Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXjtVKgt7w%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O G Roch G Blunden R D Coker S Nawaz (1995) Food Chem 52 93 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0308-8146(94)P4187-K Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXjtFCmt7o%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • R H Arim A R Aguinaldo T Yoshizawa (1999) ArticleTitleApplication of a modified minicolumn to detection of aflatoxins in corn. Mycotoxins 48 53 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXislygtL4%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J Jaimez C A Fente B I Vasquez C M Franco A Cepeda G P Prognon (2000) J Chromatogr A 882 1 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00212-0 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjslOmt74%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • E Papp K H-Otta G Zaray E Mincsovics (2002) Microchem J 73 39 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0026-265X(02)00048-6 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XmslCqu74%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J Blesa J M Soriano J C Molto J Manes (2004) Food Addit Contam 21 165 Occurrence Handle10.1080/0265203031000 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXntFWktA%3D%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M Trucksess W Brumley S Nesheim (1984) J Assoc Off Anal Chem 67 973 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2cXmtV2hsrg%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J Stroka E Anklam (2000) J Chromatogr A 904 263 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXoslKntLw%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • R D Coker K Jewers K I Tomlins G Blunden (1988) Chromatographia 25 875 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL1MXit1ekuw%3D%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M Holcomb D M Wilson M W Trucksess H M Thompson SuffixJr (1992) J Chromatogr 624 341 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0021-9673(92)85687-O Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK38XmsFSjt7s%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • K Reif W Metzger (1995) J Chromatogr A 692 131 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0021-9673(94)00841-V Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXjvVemurg%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • A Kussak B Andersson K Andersson (1995) J Chromatogr B 672 253 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXovVyntL0%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • A S Carman SuffixJr S S Kuan G M Ware P P Umrigar K V Miller H G Guerrero (1996) J AOAC Int 79 456 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XitFSmtL8%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J Stroka E Anklam U Jorissen J Gilbert (2000) J AOAC Int 83 320 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXitlGgsLg%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J Stroka R Van Otterdijk E Anklam (2000) J Chromatogr A 904 251 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXoslKntL4%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M Holcomb H M Thompson W M Cooper M L Hopper (1996) J Supercrit Fluids 9 118 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0896-8446(96)90007-8 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XkvF2ku7w%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • U Vinitketkumnuen T Cheworarin P Kongtawelert A Lertjanyarak S Peerakhom C P Wild (1997) Nat Toxins 5 168 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1c%2FntFCltA%3D%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M W Trucksess M E Stack S Nesheim R H Albert T R Romer (1994) J AOAC Int 77 1512 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXisFWmsbw%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • H Akiyama Y Goda T Tanaka M Toyoda (2001) J Chromatogr A 932 153 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01211-0 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXnsVSgt70%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • AOAC official method (1994) 991.31 A

  • P M Scott M W Trucksess (1997) J AOAC Int 80 941 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXmtlymsbs%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • T Vidyasagar N Sujatha R B Sashibar (1997) Analyst 122 609 Occurrence Handle10.1039/a607794c Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXktlKrtr4%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • S R Garden N J C Stracham (2001) Anal Chim Acta 444 187 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0003-2670(01)01231-4 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXnsVKlt7s%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • S Nayak R B Sashidar R V Bhat (2001) Analyst 126 179 Occurrence Handle10.1039/b005778i Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXpsVegsw%3D%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • E J Tarter J P Hanchay P M Schott (1984) J AOAC Int 67 597 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaL2cXkvVyqu7k%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • A Kussak K Andersson B Andersson (1995) J Chromatogr A 708 55 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0021-9673(95)00365-T Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXntFCru7s%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J M Scholten M C Spanjer (1996) J AOAC Int 79 1360 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XntFCqur0%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • E Chiavaro C Dall’Asta G Galaverna A Biancardi E Gambarelli A Dossena R Marchelli (2001) J Chromatogr A 937 31 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01300-0 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXosFKlsLo%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • AOAC Official Methods of Analysis (1995) Natural toxins, Chapter 49

  • L Lin J Zhang P Wang Y Wang J Chen (1998) J Chromatogr A 815 3 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0021-9673(98)00204-0 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXlsVektrs%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • T J Hansen (1990) J Food Prot 53 75

    Google Scholar 

  • M A Carlson C B Bargeron R C Benson A B Fraser T E Philips J T Velkey J D Groopman P T Strickland H W Ko (2000) Biosens Bioelec 14 841 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXhtVynsrw%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • http://www.vicam.com/products/products.html

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Chemical Analysis and Biosensors, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Mohammedia, Morocco

    Ilhame Bourais & Aziz Amine

  2. Department of Science and Chemical Technology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy

    Mariano Venanzi, Laura Micheli, Danila Moscone & Giuseppe Palleschi

Authors
  1. Ilhame Bourais
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Aziz Amine
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mariano Venanzi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Laura Micheli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Danila Moscone
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Giuseppe Palleschi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Aziz Amine.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bourais, I., Amine, A., Venanzi, M. et al. Development and Application of a Two-Phase Clean-Up System in Food Samples Prior to Fluorescence Analysis of Aflatoxins. Microchim Acta 153, 101–108 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-005-0456-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-005-0456-y

Search

Navigation