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Incidence of type 1 diabetes in Chilean children between 2006 and 2021: significant increase during the COVID-19 pandemic

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Abstract

Aims

An increase in type 1 diabetes (T1D) incidence has been observed in several countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this study is to determine T1D incidence trends in Chilean children between 2006 and 2021, and specifically evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic in this population.

Methods

We reviewed mandatory notifications of T1D in Chile's public and private health system in youth < 20 years between 2006 and 2021, and compared COVID-19 pre-pandemic and pandemic incidence.

Results

In Chile, 9472 new T1D cases in children were confirmed between 2006 and 2021. The mean annual T1D incidence in the entire period was 12.7/100,000 inhabitants, with an incidence of 11.7/100,000 between 2006 and 2019 vs. 20.2/100,000 during 2020–2021 (β = 0.691, [95%CI 0.479–0903], p < 0.001.) The highest incidence was observed in the 10–14 years age group, but a significant increasing incidence was observed in all age groups. The second year of the COVID-19 pandemic, 2021, had the highest incidence rate of the study period. While a 5% mean annual increase was observed between 2006 and 2019, in 2021 the T1D incidence jumped 28.5% compared with the two previous years. We found a higher T1D incidence in population with private insurance than public insurance (14.8 vs. 11.7/100.000, respectively, RR = 1.26 [95%CI 1.03–1.53], p < 0.027).

Conclusions

T1D incidence rates in Chilean youth doubled between 2006 and 2018, subsequently presenting a striking increase during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Acknowledgements

Jeniffer Fajardo, Gonzalo Alarcón, Yonathan San Martín (Subsecretaría de Redes Asistenciales, Ministerio de Salud de Chile), Departamento de Estadísticas e Información en Salud del Ministerio de Salud de Chile y de la Superintendencia de Salud de Chile.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Endocrinology Unit, Division of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Ingeborg Tampe & Hernan García

  2. Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile

    Carolina Garfias

  3. Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital de La Florida, Santiago, Chile

    Carolina Garfias

  4. Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Arturo Borzutzky

  5. RedSalud, Santiago, Chile

    Lissette Slaibe

Authors
  1. Ingeborg Tampe
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  2. Carolina Garfias
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  3. Arturo Borzutzky
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  4. Lissette Slaibe
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  5. Hernan García
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hernan García.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest and non-financial interests.

Ethical Standard

This study has been approved by the scientific ethics committee at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile and has been performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.

Informed Consent

The present study evaluated databases with unidentified information, and thus, informed consent was not required.

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Tampe, I., Garfias, C., Borzutzky, A. et al. Incidence of type 1 diabetes in Chilean children between 2006 and 2021: significant increase during the COVID-19 pandemic. Acta Diabetol 61, 29–34 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-023-02163-3

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