Skip to main content
Log in

Anatomical reliability of two fundamental radiological and clinical pelvic parameters: incidence and thickness

Validité anatomique de deux paramètres pelviens radiologiques et cliniques: l’incidence et l’épaisseur

  • Original Article
  • Published:
European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Reliability and reproducibility of two radiological pelvic parameters are tested: thickness (length of the segment defined by the middle of the upper endplate of the sacrum to the middle of the bi-coxo-femoral axis) and pelvic incidence (angle defined by the perpendicular line to the centre of the upper endplate of the sacrum and the thickness line). These two parameters provide a pelvis description and assess the relation between pelvis and spinal curves. The anatomical reliability of these radiological parameters was not achieved. The values of these two parameters from X-ray versus direct measurement on 12 anatomical specimens are compared. The direct measurement was performed by means of an electromagnetic Fastrak system (Polhemus society) providing 3D position of anatomical landmarks and allowing to measure the incidence and the thickness. These parameters were also measured from sagittal X-ray. Their values were compared. Incidence: the paired t-test and the variance ratio test were not statistically significant and a highly significant positive correlation existed between anatomical and radiological values (r=0.98; P<0.001). Thickness: the paired t-test was significant (P<0.01). There was a negative correlation between anatomical values of incidence and thickness (r= −0.54; P<0.05) but not for radiological values. A strong correlation exists which validates the radiological measurement of an angle, i.e. incidence, although there is a lack of reliability of the X-ray measurement of a distance, i.e. thickness, which is due to technical conditions of the X-ray examination. The results of this study suggest that in daily practice the X-ray measurement of the incidence only may be considered as an accurate indicator of pelvis morphology for the study of relations between pelvis anatomy and spinal curves (e.g., lordosis, scoliosis, spondylolisthesis).

Rèsumé

Deux paramètres radiologiques pelviens, l’épaisseur (distance entre le milieu du plateau supèrieur du sacrum et le milieu de l’axe bi-coxo-fémoral) et l’incidence (angle entre la perpendiculaire appliquée au centre du plateau supérieur du sacrum et l’épaisseur) décrivent la morphologie osseuse du pelvis et sa relation avec le rachis. Pour chaque paramètre, fiabilité et reproductibilité sont évaluées en comparant leur mesure anatomique et radiologique. La mesure directe de 12 pièces anatomiques est réalisée avec un système électromagnétique Fastrak (société Polhemus). La mesure radiologique des paramètres est effectuée sur une radiographie de profil. Le coefficient d’agrandissement est 1,113. Incidence: les comparaisons de moyennes et de variances (anatomie versus radiologie) n’étaient pas significatives; une corrélation positive très significative existait entre mesure anatomique et radiologique (r =0.98; P<0.001). Epaisseur: la comparaison de moyennes était significative (P<0.01), bien qu’il existait une corrélation positive significative entre valeurs anatomiques et radiologiques (r=0.52; P<0.05). Les mesures anatomiques de l’incidence et de l’épaisseur sont corrélées négativement (r= −0.54; P< 0.05) mais non pour les mesures radiologiques. La mesure de l’angle incidence, est fiable et reproductible: sa valeur radiologique reproduit la réalité anatomique. Alors que la mesure radiologique de la distance épaisseur reproduit moins fidèlement sa mesure réelle anatomique à cause des conditions techniques radiologiques. En pratique clinique, cela pourrait valider la mesure radiologique de la seule incidence comme indice personnel précis de la morphologie pelvienne.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abitbol MM (1987) Evolution of the sacrum in hominoids. Am J Phys Anthropol 74:65–81

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Boisaubert B, Montigny JP, Duval-Beaupere G, Hecquet J, Marty C (1997) Incidence pelvienne, sacrum et spondylolisthésis. Rachis 9:187–192

    Google Scholar 

  3. Commare MC, Descamps H, Marty C, Duval-Beaupere G, Hecquet J (1997) Etude du sacrum chez le myopathe. Ses relations avec l’Incidence pelvienne. Rachis 9:19–24

    Google Scholar 

  4. Commare MC, Miranda A, Touzeau C, Kassis B, Duval-Beaupere G (1997) The outcome of walking in stable neuromuscular deficiencies. Dev Med Child Neurol 39:253–258

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Curylo LJ, Edwards C, DeWald RW (2002) Radiographic markers in spondyloptosis: implications for spondylolisthesis progression. Spine 27:2021–2025

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Descamps H, Commare MC, Marty C, Duval-Beaupere G (1996) Le paramètre Incidence chez le petit enfant. Rachis 8:177–180

    Google Scholar 

  7. Descamps H, Commare MC, Marty C, Hecquet J, Duval-Beaupere G (1999) Modifications des angles pelviens, dont l’Incidence pelvienne, au cours de la croissance humaine. Biom Hum et Anthropol 17:59–63

    Google Scholar 

  8. Dubousset J (1998) Importance de la notion de la vertèbre pelvienne dans l’équilibre rachidien. Application à la chirurgie de la colonne vertèbrale chez l’enfant et l’adolescent. In: Dubousset J (eds) Pied, équilibre et rachis. Villeneuve P, Paris, pp 141–148

    Google Scholar 

  9. During J, Goudfrooij H, Keessen W, Beeker TW, Crowe A (1985) Toward standards for posture. Postural characteristics of the lower back system in normal and pathologic conditions. Spine 10:83–87

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Duval-Beaupere G, Schmidt C, Cosson P (1992) A Barycentremetric study of the sagittal shape of spine and pelvis: the conditions required for an economic standing position. Ann Biomed Eng 20:451–462

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Duval-Beaupère G (1991) Rôle des paramètres pelviens dans les difficultés de marche chez les myopathes à déficit stable ou peu évolutif. J Réadapt Méd 11:115–118

    Google Scholar 

  12. Farfan HF (1978) The biomechanical advantage of lordosis and hip extension for upright activity. Man as compared with other anthropoids. Spine 3:336–342

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Hanson DS, Bridwell KH, Rhee JM, Lenke LG (2002) Correlation of pelvic incidence with low- and high-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis. Spine 27:2026–2029

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Itoi E (1991) Roentgenographic analysis of posture in spinal osteoporotics. Spine 16:750–756

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Jordan K, Dziedzic K, Jones PW, Ong BN, Dawes PT (2000) The reliability of the three-dimensional FASTRAK measurement system in measuring cervical spine and shoulder range of motion in healthy subjects. Rheumatology 39:382–388

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Kapandji IA (1980) Le membre inférieur. In: Kapandji IA (eds) Physiologie articulaire. Kapandji IA, Paris, pp 24–25

    Google Scholar 

  17. Legaye J, Duval-Beaupere G, Hecquet J, Marty C (1998) Pelvic incidence: a fundamental pelvic parameter for three-dimensional regulation of spinal sagittal curves. Eur Spine J 7:99–103

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Legaye J, Hecquet J, Marty C, Duval-Beaupere G (1993) Equilibre sagittal du rachis. Relations entre bassin et courbures rachidiennes sagittales en position debout. Rachis 5:215–226

    Google Scholar 

  19. Maffey-Ward L, Jull G, Wellington L (1996) Toward a clinical test of lumbar spine kinesthesia. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 24:354–358

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Mangione P, Gomez D, Senegas J (1997) Study of the course of the incidence angle during growth. Eur Spine J 6:163–167

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Marty C, Boisaubert B, Descamps H, Montigny JP, Hecquet J, Legaye J, Duval-Beaupere G (2002) The sagittal anatomy of the sacrum among young adults, infants, and spondylolisthesis patients. Eur Spine J 11:119–125

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Marty C, Commare-Nordmann MC, Descamps H, Legaye J, Hecquet J, Duval-Beaupere G (1997) Sacrum et Incidence: quelles relations. Rachis 9:109–114

    Google Scholar 

  23. Peretz AM, Hipp JA, Heggeness MH (1998) The internal bony architecture of the sacrum. Spine 23:971–974

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Swinkels A, Dolan P (1998) Regional assessment of joint position sense in the spine. Spine 23:590–597

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Testut L, Latarjet A (1948) Ostéologie, arthrologie, myologie. In: Testut L, Latarjet A (eds) Traité d’anatomie humaine. Latarjet A, Paris, pp 71–84 et 356–393

  26. Vaz G, Roussouly P, Berthonnaud E, Dimnet J (2002) Sagittal morphology and equilibrium of pelvis and spine. Eur Spine J 11:80–87

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Vidal J, Marnay T (1984) Sagittal deviations of the spine, and trial of classification as a function of the pelvic balance. Rev Chir Orthop 70:124–126

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Vidal J, Marnay T (1983) Morphology and anteroposterior body equilibrium in spondylolisthesis L5-S1. Rev Chir Orthop 69:17–28

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Willems JM, Jull GA, J KF (1996) An in vivo study of the primary and coupled rotations of the thoracic spine. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 11:311–316

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank some colleagues for their scientific contributions, the Laboratoire de Biomécanique (ENSAM, Paris, France) and their valuable advice (B. Bussel, J. Dubousset). We thank the Institut Garches (Hôpital R. Poincaré, Garches, France), D. Miller (Sofamor-Danek) and the ARAO (Hôpital Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Paris, France) for their grants and contributing action to the project. The author appreciates and acknowledges the considerable support and instructive advice given by the Montpellier E.R.R.F. Association.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. Boulay.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Boulay, C., Tardieu, C., Hecquet, J. et al. Anatomical reliability of two fundamental radiological and clinical pelvic parameters: incidence and thickness. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 15, 197–204 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00590-005-0239-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00590-005-0239-5

Keywords

Mots clés

Navigation