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Prevalence of spinal deformity development after surgical management of a congenital heart disease among children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Introduction

Open heart surgery is the most common treatment for congenital heart disease. Thoracotomy, sternotomy, or a combination of both are the main approaches used in open heart surgeries. In cardiac surgery, there have been concerns that these surgeries increase the likelihood of spinal deformities. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis provided updated evidence on the prevalence of spinal deformities following congenital heart surgery.

Method

EMBASE, Medline, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were used to search for studies published until 2022. We include randomized clinical trials and observational studies that reported the prevalence of spinal deformities (scoliosis and kyphosis) after congenital heart surgery among participants without these deformities before surgery. Two independent reviewers independently screened literature identified from the databases. Two reviewers independently conducted screening of studies identified during the search, data extraction, and quality assessment of the included studies.

Results

In total, 688 studies were screened; 13 retrospective and one prospective cohort studies were included, encompassing 2294 participants. The pooled prevalence of spinal deformities (scoliosis and kyphosis) after open heart surgery performed on skeletally immature patients was 23.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 23.1–35.3; I2 = 97.5%).

Conclusion

This review suggests that the prevalence of spinal deformities was high among patients who underwent sternotomy or thoracotomy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University For Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Renad N. Balubaid, Raghd S. Aljedani, Abdulaziz Moglan & Majed Alosaimi

  2. Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

    Yasser B. Hennawi

  3. College of Medicine and Surgery, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Ahmed Hafez Mousa

  4. King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Renad N. Balubaid, Raghd S. Aljedani, Abdulaziz Moglan, Yasser B. Hennawi, Ahmed Hafez Mousa & Majed Alosaimi

  5. Department of Orthopedic, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Majed Alosaimi

  6. King Khalid National Guard Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Majed Alosaimi

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  1. Renad N. Balubaid
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  2. Raghd S. Aljedani
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Correspondence to Majed Alosaimi.

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In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

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Balubaid, R.N., Aljedani, R.S., Moglan, A. et al. Prevalence of spinal deformity development after surgical management of a congenital heart disease among children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Spine J (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-023-08083-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-023-08083-8

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