Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Evaluation of cerebellum volume and trunk oscillation velocity in cases with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a preliminary report

  • Original Article
  • Published:
European Spine Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

It has been suggested that the cause of the balance disorder seen in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) originates from the central nervous system. However, the extent of the balance problem and the dysfunction of which part of the central nervous system has not been investigated in detail. This study aimed to correlate the values obtained by balance analysis and cerebellum volume measurement in female individuals with AIS with healthy individuals.

Methods

Cerebellum volume was calculated via the cloud-based software “https://volbrain.upv.es” using brain magnetic resonance images of 27 healthy and 26 individuals with AIS. The duration of stay in the test positions, the movement strategy used during this time and the amount of postural sway were analyzed by using a computer-assisted force platform and compared statistically.

Results

Significant differences were found between the AIS and control groups in cerebellum total volume, vermis cerebelli volume (cm3), and trunk oscillation velocity (mm/s) parameters (p < 0.05). Cerebellum and vermis cerebelli volumes were found to be lower and trunk oscillation velocity was found to be greater in patients with AIS.

Conclusion

Balance problems in patients with AIS are correlated with decreased cerebellum volume and increased trunk oscillation velocity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Jada A, Mackel CE, Hwang SW, Samdani AF, Stephen JH, Bennett JT et al (2017) Evaluation and management of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a review. Neurosurg Focus 43(4):E2

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Kuznia AL, Hernandez AK, Lee LU (2020) Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: common questions and answers. Am Fam Phys 101(1):19–23

    Google Scholar 

  3. Simoneau M, Mercier P, Blouin J, Allard P, Teasdale N (2006) Altered sensory-weighting mechanisms is observed in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. BMC Neurosci 19(7):68

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Liu Y, Li X, Dou X, Huang Z, Wang J, Liao B, Zhang X (2022) Correlational analysis of three-dimensional spinopelvic parameters with standing balance and gait characteristics in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a preliminary research on Lenke V. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 30(10):1022376. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.1022376

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Addai D, Zarkos J, Bowey AJ (2020) Current concepts in the diagnosis and management of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Childs Nerv Syst 36(6):1111–1119

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Nault ML, Allard P, Hinse S, Le Blanc R, Caron O, Labelle H et al (2002) Relations between standing stability and body posture parameters in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Spine 27(17):1911–1917

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Gargano G, Oliva F, Migliorini F, Maffulli N (2022) Melatonin and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: the present evidence. Surgeon 20(6):e315–e321

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Lee SY, Ch’ng PY, Wong TS, Ling XW, Chung WH, Chiu CK, Chan CYW, Lean ML, Kwan MK (2023) Patients’ perception and satisfaction on neck and shoulder ımbalance in adolescent ıdiopathic scoliosis. Glob Spine J 13(3):752–763. https://doi.org/10.1177/21925682211007795

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Barmack NH (2003) Central vestibular system: vestibular nuclei and posterior cerebellum. Brain Res Bull 60:511–541

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Dupont C, Castellanos-Ryan N, Séguin JR, Muckle G, Simard MN, Shapiro GD, Herba CM, Fraser WD, Lippé S (2018) The predictive value of head circumference growth during the first year of life on early child traits. Sci Rep 8(1):9828. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-28165-8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Hshieh TT, Fox ML, Kosar CM, Cavallari M, Guttmann CR, Alsop D, Marcantonio ER, Schmitt EM, Jones RN, Inouye SK (2016) Head circumference as a useful surrogate for intracranial volume in older adults. Int Psychogeriatr 28(1):157–162. https://doi.org/10.1017/S104161021500037X

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Haumont T, Gauchard GC, Lascombes P, Perrin PP (2011) Postural instability in early-stage idiopathic scoliosis in adolescent girls. Spine 36(13):E847–E854

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Kuru T, Yeldan İ, Dereli EE, Özdinçler AR, Dikici F, Çolak İ (2016) The efficacy of three-dimensional Schroth exercises in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a randomised controlled clinical trial. Clin Rehabil 30(2):181–190. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215515575745

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Yanagihara D (2010) Mechanisms of locomotor control in the cerebellum. Brain Nerve 62(11):1149–1156

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Fino PC, Peterka RJ, Hullar TE, Murchison C, Horak FB, Chesnutt JC et al (2017) Assessment and rehabilitation of central sensory impairments for balance in mTBI using auditory biofeedback: a randomized clinical trial. BMC Neurol 17(1):41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-017-0812-7

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. Kubat O, Ovadia D (2020) Frontal and sagittal imbalance in patients with adolescent idiopathic deformity. Ann Transl Med 8(2):29. https://doi.org/10.21037/atm.2019.10.49

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Payas A, Batin S, Kurtoğlu E, Arik M, Seber T, Uçar İ et al (2023) Is the integration problem in the sensoriomotor system the cause of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis? J Pediatr Orthop 43(2):e111–e119. https://doi.org/10.1097/BPO.0000000000002300

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Grimaldi G, Manto M (2012) Topography of cerebellar deficits in humans. Cerebellum 11(2):336–351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12311-011-0247-4

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Hytönen M, Pyykkö I, Aalto H, Starck J (1993) Postural control and age. Acta Otolaryngol 113(2):119–122. https://doi.org/10.3109/00016489309135778

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Chen PQ, Wang JL, Tsuang YH, Liao TL, Huang PI, Hang YS (1998) The postural stability control and gait pattern of idiopathic scoliosis adolescents. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 13(1 Suppl 1):S52–S58. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0268-0033(97)00075-2

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Herman R, Mixon J, Fisher A, Maulucci R, Stuyck J (1985) Idiopathic scoliosis and the central nervous system: a motor control problem. The Harrington lecture, 1983. Scoliosis Research Society. Spine 10(1):1–14

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Liu T, Chu WC, Young G, Li K, Yeung BH, Guo L et al (2008) MR analysis of regional brain volume in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: neurological manifestation of a systemic disease. J Magn Reson Imaging 27(4):732–736. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.21321

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Acer N, Bastepe-Gray S, Sagiroglu A, Gumus KZ, Degirmencioglu L, Zararsiz G et al (2018) Diffusion tensor and volumetric magnetic resonance imaging findings in the brains of professional musicians. J Chem Neuroanat 88:33–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchemneu.2017.11.003

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Ding H, Qin W, Jiang T, Zhang Y, Yu C (2012) Volumetric variation in subregions of the cerebellum correlates with working memory performance. Neurosci Lett 508(1):47–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2011.12.016. (Epub 2011 Dec 22 PMID: 22206834)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Stoodley CJ (2012) The cerebellum and cognition: evidence from functional imaging studies. Cerebellum 11(2):352–365. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12311-011-0260-7. (PMID: 21373864)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Edwards CR, Newman S, Bismark A, Skosnik PD, O’Donnell BF, Shekhar A, Steinmetz JE, Hetrick WP (2008) Cerebellum volume and eyeblink conditioning in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 162(3):185–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pscychresns.2007.06.001

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  27. Cooper CP, Shafer AT, Armstrong NM, An Y, Erus G, Davatzikos C, Ferrucci L, Rapp PR, Resnick SM (2023) Associations of baseline and longitudinal change in cerebellum volume with age-related changes in verbal learning and memory. Neuroimage 15(272):120048. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120048

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Shi L, Wang D, Hui SC, Tong MC, Cheng JC, Chu WC (2013) Volumetric changes in cerebellar regions in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis compared with healthy controls. Spine J 13(12):1904–1911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spinee.2013.06.045

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This study was not funded by any commissions of public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors for the conduct of research, study design, and collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data writing the report, and/or decision of the article for publication.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Traumatology, Kayseri City Education and Training Hospital Orthopedics, Kayseri, Turkey

    Sabri Batin & Yakup Ekinci

  2. Vocational College of Sungurlu, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey

    Ahmet Payas

  3. Fatih Sultan Mehmet Education and Training Hospital Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Istanbul, Turkey

    Emre Bal

  4. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey

    Erdal Kurtoğlu, Ilyas Uçar & Erdoğan Unur

  5. Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Aksaray Ortaköy Public Hospital, Aksaray, Turkey

    Mustafa Arik

  6. Radiology Department, Kayseri City Education and Training Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey

    Turgut Seber

  7. Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nuh Naci Yazgan University, Kayseri, Turkey

    Büşra Kepenek Varol

  8. Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

    Ersin Kasım Ulusoy

  9. Pediatric Neurology Clinic, Kayseri City Education and Training Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey

    Ayşe Kaçar Bayram

  10. Pediatrics Clinic, Kayseri City Education and Training Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey

    Duygu Ekinci

Authors
  1. Sabri Batin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ahmet Payas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Emre Bal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yakup Ekinci
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Erdal Kurtoğlu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Ilyas Uçar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Mustafa Arik
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Turgut Seber
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Büşra Kepenek Varol
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Ersin Kasım Ulusoy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Ayşe Kaçar Bayram
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. Duygu Ekinci
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  13. Erdoğan Unur
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

SB, MD (Contribution: study design, performed measurements, manuscript preparation). AP, PhD (Contribution: writing—original draft, visualization, methodology, investigation). Emre BAL, MD (Contribution: Evaluation of patients, manuscript preparation). YE, MD (Contribution: writing—review & editing). EK, PhD (Contribution: Formal analysis, data curation). İU, PhD (Contribution: study design, writing—review & editing). MA, MD (Contribution: Evaluation of patients, manuscript preparation). TS, MD (Contribution: performed measurements, manuscript preparation). BKV, PhD (Contribution: performed measurements, manuscript preparation). EKU, MD (Contribution: Writing—original draft, formal analysis). AKB, MD (Contribution: Evaluation of patients, manuscript preparation). DE, MD (Contribution: Evaluation of patients, manuscript preparation). EU, PhD (Contribution: Validation, supervision, methodology).

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yakup Ekinci.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Ethical approval

The study protocol was approved by the local Clinical Research Ethics Committee numbered 2021/554. All procedures were performed in the Kayseri City Education and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.

Informed consent

Written informed consent was obtained from each patient. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Batin, S., Payas, A., Bal, E. et al. Evaluation of cerebellum volume and trunk oscillation velocity in cases with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a preliminary report. Eur Spine J 32, 4012–4019 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-023-07948-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-023-07948-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation