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Kinematics of cervical segments C5/C6 in axial rotation before and after total disc arthroplasty

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Abstract

Purpose

The kinematical properties of C5/C6 segments in axial rotation are evaluated before and after total disc arthroplasty (TDA) with PRESTIGE®-and BRYAN® Cervical Disc (Medtronic) under flexion/extension as parameters and compared with those of C3/C4.

Methods

Eight human segments were stimulated by triangularly varying, axially directed torque (T z(t)) under compressing static axial preloads. Using a 6D-measuring device with high resolution, the response of segmental motion was characterized by the instantaneous helical axis (IHA). The position, direction, and migration path length of the IHA were measured before and after TDA (parameter: position of the axially directed preload).

Results

The periodic torque T z(t) generated IHA migrations whereupon the IHA direction was constantly rotated to the dorsal by ≈15.5°. After TDA, the IHA0 (neutral positions) were significantly shifted to the dorsal (PRESTIGE®: 4.3 mm, BRYAN®: 7.0 mm) just as the points of balance of the entire IHA migration paths.

Conclusions

Due to the configuration of the vertebral joints and their interaction with the intervertebral disc, the IHA migrates during the axial rotation within a distinct domain of each C5/C6-segment. Implantation of the PRESTIGE® and BRYAN® prostheses significantly alters these kinematical properties by dorsal displacements of the domains. Statistically TDA of C3/C4 and of C5/C6 are not correlated. Under axial rotation of the cervical spine, additional lateral and/or ventral/dorsal displacements are produced by TDA. Consequently, adjacent level disease (ALD) may be mechanically stimulated.

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Acknowledgements

All authors disclose any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence our work. There are no employment, consultancies, stock ownership, honoraria, paid expert testimony, patent applications/registrations, and grants or other funding, which could influence any of the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

    Martin Michael Wachowski

  2. Biomechanical Working Group, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

    Martin Michael Wachowski, Jan Weiland, Riccardo Gezzi, Dietmar Kubein-Meesenburg & Hans Nägerl

  3. Ophthalmic Clinic, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany

    Markus Wagner

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  1. Martin Michael Wachowski
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  2. Jan Weiland
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  5. Dietmar Kubein-Meesenburg
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  6. Hans Nägerl
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Correspondence to Martin Michael Wachowski.

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Wachowski, M.M., Weiland, J., Wagner, M. et al. Kinematics of cervical segments C5/C6 in axial rotation before and after total disc arthroplasty. Eur Spine J 26, 2425–2433 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-017-5073-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-017-5073-z

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