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Ameliorative potential of ethanol leaf extract of Ficus exasperata in acetaminophen-induced toxicity in albino rats

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Abstract

The leaf of Ficus exasperata has been used locally in managing liver toxicity. Hence, this study was designed to assess the effect of ethanol leaf extract of Ficus exasperata in acetaminophen (paracetamol)-induced albino rats. Hence, qualitative phytochemical screening and HPLC analysis of this extract were carried out using an established protocol. Toxicity was achieved when 2 g/kg body weight of acetaminophen was administered to the albino rats. In addition, different biochemical parameters of liver and kidney were assessed to determine the efficacy of ethanol leaf extract of Ficus exasperata in acetaminophen-induced albino rats. The results obtained showed that phytochemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phlobatannins, phenols, terpenoids and reducing sugars were detected. The HPLC further revealed compounds such as orientin, α-caryophyllene, quercetin and myricetin, among others. Furthermore, for in vivo studies, there was a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in the activities of ALP, AST and ALT as well as concentrations of uric acid, urea and creatinine kinase when compared with positive control. Also, a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the activities of antioxidant biomarkers in both liver and kidney of the acetaminophen-induced albino rats administered extract in groups III–VIII were observed when compared with the positive control group I. The extracts were able to reverse the damage caused in the histopathological architectures of the liver and kidney of acetaminophen-induced albino rats. The ethanol leaf extract of F. exasperata was able to ameliorate the toxicity induced by acetaminophen in rats. This observation therefore supports its traditional use in the treatment of liver problems.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the authority of Federal University Oye-Ekiti (FUOYE) for giving us the enabling environment to conduct this research in the Department of Biochemistry of the Institution. We also appreciate the help rendered by technologists in the Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, FUOYE.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

    Fisayo A. Bamisaye, John O. Falode, Ifeoluwa B. Faleye, Oluwatosin O. Ibitoye, Simisola M. Omofemide, Yemi B. Kolawole & Kayode E. Olawoye

  2. Phytomedicine and Molecular Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

    Basiru O. Ajiboye

  3. Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria

    Ayoola O. Oluwajobi

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  1. Fisayo A. Bamisaye
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  2. Basiru O. Ajiboye
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  3. John O. Falode
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  8. Yemi B. Kolawole
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Correspondence to Fisayo A. Bamisaye or Basiru O. Ajiboye.

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Bamisaye, F.A., Ajiboye, B.O., Falode, J.O. et al. Ameliorative potential of ethanol leaf extract of Ficus exasperata in acetaminophen-induced toxicity in albino rats. Comp Clin Pathol 32, 99–108 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-022-03419-0

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