Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between blood collection and processing techniques and the quality of canine packed red blood cell (pRBC) units. This prospective study analysed 235 canine blood donations, followed by processing and evaluation of pRBC units. The need for sedation, number of venepunctures, whole blood volume, time to processing and time to analysis were registered, and five different centrifugation protocols were performed. The final pRBC volume, haematocrit, total haemoglobin concentration, haemolysis and bacterial contamination of pRBC units were evaluated. Obtained results were within the reference range of human blood banks' guidelines. One unit presented a positive bacteriologic analysis. No significant differences in haemolysis were detected when factors related to sedation, blood collection, time to processing or centrifugation protocols were studied. Significantly higher haematocrit values were detected in units centrifuged in a faster and longer programme (3,500×g, 15 min). There was a direct increase of haemolysis with longer time spent between centrifugation and analysis. This study demonstrates that haemolysis is significantly higher when analyses post centrifugations take 48–72 h to be performed than in short periods.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Brecher ME, Hay SN, Rose AD, Rothenberg SJ (2005) Evaluation of BacT/ALERT plastic culture bottles for use in testing pooled whole blood-derived leukoreduced platelet-rich plasma platelets with a single contaminated unit. Transfusion 45:1512–1517
Brown BA (1984) Hematology: principles and procedures. In: Brown BA (ed) Routine hematology procedures, 4th edn. Lea and Febinger, Philadelphia, pp 29–71
Chiaramonte D (2004) Blood-component therapy: selection, administration and monitoring. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract 19:63–67
Council of Europe (2011) Principles of component preparation, 16th edn, Guide to the preparation, use and quality assurance of blood components. Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg, pp 59–81
Feldman BF, Sink CA (2008) Collection, processing, storage and shipment. In: Feldman BF, Sink CA (eds) Practical transfusion medicine, 1st edn. Teton NewMedia, Jackson, pp 14–37
Ford RB, Mazzaferro EM (2006) Emergency care. In: Ford RB, Mazzaferro EM (eds) Kirk and Bistner's handbook of veterinary procedures and emergency treatment, 8th edn. Saunders, St. Louis, pp 1–291
Gibson G, Abrams-Ogg A (2012) Canine transfusion medicine. In: Michel JD, Barbara K (eds) BSAVA Manual of canine and feline haematology and transfusion medicine, 2nd edn. British Small Animal Veterinary Association, Gloucester, pp 289–307
Jahr JS, Lurie F, Bezdikian V, Driessen B, Gunther RA (2008) Measuring circulating blood volume using infused hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (oxyglobin) as an indicator: verification in a canine hypovolemia model. Am J Ther 15:98–101
Kakaiya R, Aronson CA, Julleis J (2011) Whole blood collection and component processing at blood collection centers. In: Roback JD (ed) Technical manual, 17th edn. American Association of Blood Banks, Bethesda, pp 187–226
Kerl ME, Hohenhaus AE (1989) Packed red blood cell transfusions in dogs: 131 cases. J Am Veterinary Med Assoc 202:1495–1499
Lucas RL, Lentz KD, Hale AS (2004) Collection and preparation of blood products. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract 19:55–62
Mathews KA, Scott H, Abrams-Ogg A (2006) Transfusion of blood products. In: Mathews KA (ed) Veterinary emergency and critical care manual, 2nd edn. Lifelearn, Guelph, pp 667–680
Ott RL, Longnecker MT (2010) Experiments with repeated measures. In: Ott RL, Longnecker MT (eds) An introduction to statistical methods and data analysis, 6th edn. Brooks/Cole, Belmont, pp 793–812
Patterson J, Rousseau A, Kessler RJ, Giger U (2011) In vitro lysis and acute transfusion reactions with hemolysis caused by inappropriate storage of canine red blood cell products. J Veterinary Intern Med 25:927–933
Roberts J, Haldane S, Marks SL, Raffe MR (2004) Transfusion medicine. Compendium 26:502–518
Sowemimo SO (2002) Red blood cell hemolysis during processing. Transfus Med Rev 16:46–60
Schmidt M, Sireis W, Seifried E (2011) Implementation of bacterial detection methods into blood donor screening—overview of different technologies. Transfus Med Hemother 38:259–265
Schneider A (1995) Blood components collection, processing and storage. Veterinary Clin N Am Small Anim Pract 25:1245–1261
UK Blood Transfusion Services (2005) Care and selection of blood donors, 7th edn, Guidelines for the blood transfusion in the United Kingdom. The Stationery Office, Norwich, pp 21–27
Wardrop KJ, Owen TJ, Meyers KM (1994a) Evaluation of an additive solution for preservation of canine red blood cells. J Veterinary Intern Med 8:253–257
Wardrop KJ, Tucker RL, Mugnai K (1997) Evaluation of canine red blood cells stored in a saline, adenine and glucose solution for 35 days. J Veterinary Intern Med 11:5–8
Wardrop KJ, Young J, Wilson E (1994b) An in vitro evaluation of storage media for preservation of canine packed red blood cells. Vet Clin Pathol 23:83–88
Wolfe LC (1985) The membrane and the lesion of storage in preserved red cells. Transfusion 25:185–203
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to the Instituto Português do Sangue e da Transplantação, Hospital Veterinário do Porto and the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (grant SFRH/BD/43946/2008) for their support to this project.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ferreira, R.R.F., Gopegui, R.R., Maia, S. et al. Laboratory analysis of canine packed red blood cells—effects of collection and processing on haemolysis, haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit and blood culture. Comp Clin Pathol 23, 1395–1401 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-013-1796-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-013-1796-3