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Combined effects of phosphorus and magnesium on mycorrhizal symbiosis through altering metabolism and transport of photosynthates in soybean

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Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis plays crucial roles in plant nutrient uptake. However, little is known about the combined effects of phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg) on mycorrhizal symbiosis. In the present study, a pot experiment was carried out using two soybean genotypes in the presence or absence of Rhizophagus irregularis inoculation under different P and Mg conditions. The results showed that plant growth promotion by mycorrhizal symbiosis was associated with P-starved nutrition status, high Mg supply augmented the efficiency of AM symbiosis in low P, and high Mg relieved the inhibitory effect of high P availability on AM symbiosis. The P-efficient genotype HN89 was more responsive to Mg application than the P-inefficient genotype HN112 when inoculated with Rhizophagus irregularis. The results from a comparative RNA sequencing analysis of the root transcriptomes showed that several carbon metabolism pathways were enriched in mycorrhizal roots in low P plus high Mg. Accordingly, the expression levels of the key genes related to carbon metabolism and transport were also upregulated in mycorrhizal roots. Conversely, the Mg-deficient mycorrhizal plants showed increased sucrose, glucose, and fructose accumulations in shoots. Overall, the results herein demonstrate that P and Mg interactively affect mycorrhizal responses in plants, and high Mg supply has a profound effect on P-starved mycorrhizal plant growth through promotion of photosynthate metabolism and transport in soybean.

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Data availability

The RNA-seq datasets generated in this study have been submitted to NCBI GEO database with the series record GSE132679. The other data are available on request from the authors.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Z.C. Chen and Ruipeng Yu for helpful discussions and comments.

Funding

This research is financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFD0200200/2017YFD0200203), and Key Realm R&D Program of Guangdong Province (2018B020205003).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    Jinzhuan Qin, Huicong Wang, Huayuan Cao, Kang Chen & Xiurong Wang

  2. Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    Jinzhuan Qin, Huayuan Cao, Kang Chen & Xiurong Wang

  3. College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    Huicong Wang

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  1. Jinzhuan Qin
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  2. Huicong Wang
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  3. Huayuan Cao
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  4. Kang Chen
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  5. Xiurong Wang
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Contributions

XW conceived the experiments. XW, JQ, HW, HC, and KC designed and performed the experiments. XW and JQ drafted the manuscript. XW edited the manuscript. All authors approved the final version.

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Correspondence to Xiurong Wang.

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Qin, J., Wang, H., Cao, H. et al. Combined effects of phosphorus and magnesium on mycorrhizal symbiosis through altering metabolism and transport of photosynthates in soybean. Mycorrhiza 30, 285–298 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-020-00955-x

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