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Time and dose of irrigation impact Tuber melanosporum ectomycorrhiza proliferation and growth of Quercus ilex seedling hosts in young black truffle orchards

Mycorrhiza volume 24, pages 73–78 (2014)Cite this article

Abstract

In Mediterranean climate, young truffle-oak orchards are subjected to drought episodes that can compromise the development of Tuber melanosporum. We investigated the responses of T. melanosporum to water supply in three periods: May to July, August to October, and May to October. In each period, five water doses were established: 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 % of the reference evapotranspiration (ETo). Five orchards were planted with Quercus ilex inoculated with T. melanosporum, and in each orchard, we arranged a two-factorial design with irrigation period and irrigation dose as main factors to test their combined effects on the development of both T. melanosporum and Q. ilex after 3 years in the field. Irrigation period significantly interacted with irrigation doses for the absolute presence per seedling of T. melanosporum mycorrhizae. Irrigation in May–July increased significantly T. melanosporum colonization in seedlings irrigated with 50 % ETo dose compared to the 0 % ETo dose. A similar pattern with smaller differences in means was observed in August–October period, but the irrigation doses did not change T. melanosporum colonization when we watered from May to October. We found ectomycorrhizae different from T. melanosporum in 51 % of the seedlings studied, but their presence was marginal. Our results suggest that a moderate irrigation dose promotes seedling growth and number of fine root tips per unit of fine root length, which may be potentially colonized by T. melanosporum.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported in part by the Departament d’Agricultura, Alimentació i Acció Rural and the Departament de Medi Ambient i Habitatge of the Generalitat de Catalunya, and the European Union INTERREG III-A SILVAPYR project. We wish to thank the owners of the truffle-oak orchards for their collaboration, providing the land and assistance with maintaining the orchards, and the reviewers and editors that have substantially improved the quality of this manuscript.

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Affiliations

  1. University of Lleida-Agrotecnio (UdL-Agrotecnio), Lleida, Spain

    Antoni Olivera, José Antonio Bonet & Carlos Colinas

  2. Forest Sciences Centre of Catalonia (CTFC), Lleida, Spain

    José Antonio Bonet, Daniel Oliach & Carlos Colinas

Authors
  1. Antoni Olivera
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  2. José Antonio Bonet
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  3. Daniel Oliach
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  4. Carlos Colinas
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Correspondence to Antoni Olivera.

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Olivera, A., Bonet, J.A., Oliach, D. et al. Time and dose of irrigation impact Tuber melanosporum ectomycorrhiza proliferation and growth of Quercus ilex seedling hosts in young black truffle orchards. Mycorrhiza 24, 73–78 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-013-0545-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-013-0545-4

Keywords

  • Quercus ilex
  • Black truffle
  • Evapotranspiration
  • Preproduction
  • Ectomycorrhizae