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Species richness and spore abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi across distinct land uses in Western Brazilian Amazon

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Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were surveyed for species richness and abundance in sporulation in six distinct land uses in the western Amazon region of Brazil. Areas included mature pristine forest and sites converted to pasture, crops, agroforestry, young and old secondary forest. A total of 61 AMF morphotypes were recovered and 30% of them could not be identified to known species. Fungal communities were dominated by Glomus species but Acaulospora species produced the most abundant sporulation. Acaulospora gedanensis cf., Acaulospora foveata, Acaulospora spinosa, Acaulospora tuberculata, Glomus corymbiforme, Glomus sp15, Scutellospora pellucida, and Archaeospora trappei sporulated in all land use areas. Total spore numbers were highly variable among land uses. Mean species richness in crop, agroforestry, young and old secondary forest sites was twice that in pristine forest and pasture. fungal communities were dominated in all land use areas except young secondary forest by two or three species which accounted for 48% to 63% of all sporulation. Land uses influenced AMF community in (1) frequency of occurrence of sporulating AMF species, (2) mean species diversity, and (3) relative spore abundance. Conversion of pristine forest into distinct land uses does not appear to reduce AMF diversity. Cultural practices adopted in this region maintain a high diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.

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Acknowledgements

JOS thanks CNPq, Brazil for scholarship and SLS thanks the Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa, Pós-Graduação e Extensão (FURB) for Research Grant (Edital Interno). This publication presents part of the findings of the international project “Conservation and Sustainable Management of Below-Ground Biodiversity” (CSM-BGBD), implemented in seven countries—Brazil, Côte d'Ivoire, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Mexico, and Uganda. This project is coordinated by the Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Institute of CIAT (TSBF-CIAT with co-financing from the Global Environmental Facility—GEF), and implementation support from the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and coordinated in Brazil by Dr. F. M. S. Moreira (UFLA, Lavras, MG). Views expressed in this publication are those of their authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the authors' organization, the UNEP and the GEF. Carlos R. Grippa is also acknowledged for contribution to soil sampling. We are in debt to two anonymous reviewers for their valuable contribution to this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ciências Naturais (DCN), Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB), Cx.P. 1507, 89010-971, Blumenau, SC, Brazil

    Sidney Luiz Stürmer

  2. Departamento de Ciências do Solo (DCS), Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Cx.P. 37, 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil

    José Oswaldo Siqueira

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  1. Sidney Luiz Stürmer
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Correspondence to Sidney Luiz Stürmer.

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Stürmer, S.L., Siqueira, J.O. Species richness and spore abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi across distinct land uses in Western Brazilian Amazon. Mycorrhiza 21, 255–267 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-010-0330-6

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