Skip to main content
Log in

Study of durability and lateral tape motion of magnetic tape data storage media under high-speed operating conditions using magnetic and edge probe methods

  • Technical Paper
  • Published:
Microsystem Technologies Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The demand for large scale and efficient data storage systems has increased greatly over the past decade. The data storage industry has responded by increasing the capacity and cost-effectiveness of their systems. Magnetic data tape storage has similarly improved, with commercially available cartridges able to hold over 1.3 TB of compressed data on a single 3.5 in. form factor cartridge. These advancements are the results of a combination of several factors, which include both thinner tapes to improve volumetric density, and taking advantage of the improved magnetic coercivity of advanced magnetic coatings. As the storage capacity of magnetic tape systems continues to increase so does the need for faster read and write access. One possible way to achieve this is to translate the magnetic media past the read/write head at a higher velocity. This increased speed can have unwanted effects on the operation of the tape drive and media. This paper details a study of the effects that high-speed operation at different tensions can have on the performance of the system. The coefficient of friction between the tape and head was monitored to gauge durability and wear, and lateral tape motion (LTM) was monitored using both magnetic and edge probe methods to measure undesirable tape motion. Results for five different types of tape operating at five different tension/speed combinations are discussed in order to better determine the effects that tape characteristics and operating parameters have in high speed situations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alfano A, Bhushan B (2006a) New technique for monitoring lateral tape motion using a magnetic signal. Microsyst Technol 12:565–570

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alfano A, Bhushan B (2006b) Failure mechanisms of advanced metal evaporated tape in an advanced linear tape drive. Tribol Trans 49:79–91

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alfano A, Bhushan B (2007) Magnetic evaluation of advanced metal-evaporated tape in an advanced linear tape drive. J Magn Magn Mater 308:153–164

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhushan B (1996) Tribology and mechanics of magnetic storage devices. Springer, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhushan B (2000) Mechnaics and reliability of flexible magnetic media, 2nd edn. Springer, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhushan B, Patton S (1998) Tribology in ultra-high density tape drive systems: state of the art and future challenges. IEEE Trans Magn 34:1883–1888

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhushan B, Hinteregger HF, Rogers AEE (1994) Thermal considerations for the edge guiding of thin magnetic tape in a longitudinal tape transport. Wear 171:179–193

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldale AV, Bhushan B (2003) Measurement and origin of tape edge damage in a linear tape drive. Tribol Lett 14:167–180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldale AV, Bhushan B (2004) Tape edge study in a linear tape drive with single flanged guides. J Magn Magn Mater 271:409–430

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldale AV, Bhushan B (2005) Durability studies of metal evaporated tapes in a linear tape drive: role of head contour and tape tension. Microsyst Technol 11:32–47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen W, Bhushan B (2005) Effect of operating speed and tension and sources of lateral tape motion in a linear tape drive. J Magn Magn Mater 293:826–848

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hunter S, Bhushan B (2001) Debris prospensity of magnetic metal particle tapes. J Info Storage Process Syst 3:143–159

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Kawana T, Onodera S, Samoto T (1995) Advanced metal evaporated tape. IEEE Trans Magn 31:2865–2870

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luitjens S, Rijckaert A (1999) The history of consumer magnetic video tape recording, from a rarity to mass production. J Magn Magn Mater 193:17–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Petrek D, Bhushan B (2008) Study of magnitude and component frequency variation of lateral tape motion across an unsupported tape region. Microsyst Technol (in press)

  • Taylor R, Strahle P, Stahl J, Dugas M, Talke F (2000) Measurement of cross-track motion of magnetic tapes. J Info Storage Process Syst 2:255–261

    Google Scholar 

  • Scott W, Bhushan B (1997) Bending stiffness measurements in magnetic tapes and substrates. Thin Solid Film 308–309:323–328

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scott W, Bhushan B (2003) Measurement and prediction of tape cupping under mechanical and hygrothermal loads and its influence on debris generation in linear tape drives. ASME J Tribol 125:364–367

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang JH, Talke FE (2005) Tape edge wear and its relationship to lateral tape motion. Microsyst Technol 11:1158–1165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang JH, Taylor RJ, Talke FE (2003) Lateral motion and edge wear of magnetic tapes. Tribol Int 36:423–431

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wright A, Bhushan B (2006) Effect of different magnetic tapes and operating parameters on lateral tape motion in a linear tape drive. Tribol Trans 49:347–360

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Financial support was provided in part by the membership of the Nanotriblogy Laboratory for Information Storage and MEMS/NEMS. Tape drives and single-flanged porous air bearing guides were provided by Steve Gavit of Segway Systems, LLC (Littleton, CO). The authors thank Richard Jewett and Todd Ethen of Imation Corporation for providing Ultrium MP tape, Thin MP tape, and Seagate LTO heads, and Dr. Hideki Yoshida of Matsushita Electric Industrial (MEI) Company, Kadoma, Japan, and Dr. S. Onodera of Sony Sendai Research Center, Japan, for providing AME tapes. Special thanks to Todd Ethen of Imation Corporation for helpful discussion throughout, and to Christine Malott for assistance with tape edge profile images.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bharat Bhushan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Petrek, D.J., Bhushan, B. Study of durability and lateral tape motion of magnetic tape data storage media under high-speed operating conditions using magnetic and edge probe methods. Microsyst Technol 14, 841–853 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-007-0540-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-007-0540-9

Keywords

Navigation