Abstract
The cardiovascular effects of sevoflurane were studied and compared with those of halothane in 30 healthy patients. The patients were assigned to receive 1 MAC sevoflurane (n=10), 2 MAC sevoflurane (n=10) or 1 MAC halothane (n=10) in N2O 2l·min−1 and O2 4l·min−1. The changes in left ventricular diastolic and systolic dimension (Dd and Ds), fractional shortening (FS), mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (mVcf), left ventricular diastolic and systolic volume (Vd and Vs), stroke volume (SV), ejection fraction (EF) and cardiac index (CI) were evaluated by echocardiography. Sevoflurane produced significant dose-dependent decreases in FS, mVcf, EF and SV, but no significant changes in Dd and Vd. Therefore, the decrease in SV was due mainly to the increase in left ventricular residual volume (Vs). One MAC halothane produced a more significant decrease in FS, mVcf, EF and SV, when compared to values obtained at 1 MAC sevoflourane (P<0.01). CI was more significantly decreased with 1 MAC halothane than with 1 MAC and 2 MAC sevoflurane (P<0.01). This was brought about by a slight decrease in HR with halothane and a slight increase in HR with sevoflurane, in addition to a smaller decrease in SV with sevoflurane than with halothane. This study suggests that sevoflurane may better preserve cardiac function as a pump in healthy patients, when compared to halothane.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Wallin RF, Regan BM, Napoli MD and Stern IJ: Sevoflurane: A new inhalational anesthetic agent. Anesth Analg 54:758–66, 1975
Katoh T and Ikeda K: The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane in humans. Anesthesiology 66:301–3, 1987
de Jong RH and Egar II EI: AD50 and AD95 values of common inhalation anesthetics in Man. Anesthesiology 42:384–9, 1975
Teichholz LE, Kreulen T, Herman MV and Gorlin R: Problems in echocardiographic volume determinations: Echocardiographic-angiographic correlations in the presence or absence of asynergy. Am J Cardiol 37:7–11, 1976
Snedecor GW and Cochran WG: Statistical methods, 6th edition, Lowa State University Press, Ames, 1980
Rathod R, Jacobs HK, Kramer NE, Rao TLK, Salem MR and Towne WD: Echocardiographic assessment of ventricular performance following induction with two anesthetics. Anesthesiology 49:86–90, 1978
Gerson JI and Gianaris CG: Echocardiographic analysis of human left ventricular diastolic volume and cardiac performance during halothane anesthesia. Anesth Analg 58:23–9, 1979
Barash PG, Glanz S, Katz JD, Taunt K and Talner NS: Ventricular function in children during halothane anesthesia: An echocardiographic evaluation. Anesthesiology 49:79–85, 1978
Wolf WJ, Neal NB and Peterson MD: The hemodynamic and cardiovascular effects of isoflurane and halothane anesthesia in children. Anesthesiology 64:328–33, 1986
Eger II, EI, Smith NT, Stoelting RK, Cullen DJ, Kadis LB and Whitcher CE: Cardiovascular effects of halothane in man. Anesthesiology 32:396–409, 1970
Sonntag H, Donath D, Hillebrand W, Merin RG and Radke J: Left ventricular function in conscous man and during halothane anesthesia. Anesthesiology 48:320–4, 1978
Calverley RK, Smith NT, Prys-Roberts C, Eger II EI and Jones CW: Cardiovascular effects of enflurane anesthesia during controlled ventilation in man. Anesth Analg 57:619–28, 1978
Stevens WG, Cromwell TH, Halsey MJ, Eger II EI, Shakespeare TF and Bahlman SH: The cardiovascular effects of a new inhalation anesthetic, forane, in human volunteers at constant arterial carbon dioxide tension. Anesthesiology 35:8–16, 1971
Kazama T and Ikeda K: The comparative cardiovascular effects of sevoflurane with halothane and isoflurane. J Anesth 2:63–8, 1988
Akazawa S, Shimizu R, Kasuda H, Nemoto K, Yoshizawa Y and Inoue S: Effects of sevoflurane on cardiovascular dynamics, coronary circulation and myocardial metabolism in dogs. J Anesth 2:227–41, 1988
Brückner JB, Kielmann D, Hess W und Schulte-Sasse D: Sevoflurane: kreislaufwirkungen und myokardiale sauerstoffversorgung im vergleish zu halothan. Zentraleuropaischer Anaesthesiekongreß, Band 3: Experimentelle anaesthesie monitoring immunologie, ed by Haid B, SpringerVerlag, Berlin, 19, pp. 1–8
Inada Y, Ikeda K, Mori K, Morio M, Oyama T, Amaha K, Shimizu R, Fujita T, Suzuki F, Miyake T, Fujita M, Nagano M, Tanaka R, Shimoji K, Yamamoto M, Miyazaki M, Yoshiya I and Yoshitake J: Clinical evaluation of sevoflurane -A multicenter clinical trial—. Progress in medicine 7:807–21, 1987
Duke PC, Townes D and Wade JG: Halothane depresses baroreflex control of heart rate in man. Anesthesiology 46:184–7, 1977
Duke PC and Trosky S: The effect of halothane with nitrous oxide on baroreflex control of heart rate in man. Can Anaeth Soc J 27:531–4, 1980
Morton M, Duke PC and Ong B: Baroreflex control of heart rate in man awake and during enflurane and enfiurane-nitrous oxide anesthesia. Anesthesiology 52:221–3, 1980
Kotrly KJ, Ebert TJ, Vucins E, Igler FO, Barney JA and Kampine JP: Baroreceptor reflex control of heart rate during isoflurane anesthesia in humans. Anesthesiology 60:173–9, 1984
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
About this article
Cite this article
Kasuda, H., Akazawa, S. & Shimizu, R. The echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular performance during sevoflurane and halothane anesthesia. J Anesth 4, 295–302 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/s0054000040295
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s0054000040295