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Assessments of perioperative respiratory pattern with non-contact vital sign monitor in children undergoing minor surgery: a prospective observational study

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Abstract

Purpose

Nurses routinely assess respiration of hospitalized children; however, respiratory rate measurements are technically difficult due to rapid and small chest wall movements. The aim of this study is to reveal the respiratory status of small children undergoing minor surgery with load cells placed under the bed legs, and to test the hypothesis that respiratory rate (primary variable) is slower immediately after arrival to the ward and recovers in 2 h.

Methods

Continuous recordings of the load cell signals were performed and stable respiratory waves within the 10 discriminative perioperative timepoints were used for respiratory rate measurements. Apnea frequencies were calculated at pre and postoperative nights and 2 h immediately after returning to the ward after surgery.

Results

Continuous recordings of the load cell signals were successfully performed in 18 children (13 to 119 months). Respiratory waves were appraisable for more than 70% of nighttime period and 40% of immediate postoperative period. There were no statistically significant differences of respiratory rate in any timepoint comparisons (p = 0.448), thereby not supporting the study hypothesis. Respiratory rates changed more than 5 breaths per minute postoperatively in 5 out of 18 children (28%) while doses of fentanyl alone did not explain the changes. Apnea frequencies significantly decreased 2 h immediately after returning to the ward and during the operative night compared to the preoperative night.

Conclusion

Respiratory signal extracted from load cell sensors under the bed legs successfully revealed various postoperative respiratory pattern change in small children undergoing minor surgery.

Clinical Trail Registration: UMIN (University Hospital Information Network) Clinical Registry: UMIN000045579 (https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000052039).

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Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

Sara Shimizu M.D. (Shimizu Orthopedic Plastic Surgery Clinic, Tokyo, Japan) greatly helped to improve this manuscript.

Funding

This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant number 19K18262 (the primary investigator; Dr. Hateruma). This work was performed at Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan. Textual similarities: Similarity Index 5% by iThenticate (May 10, 2022).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan

    Yuki Hateruma

  2. Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan

    Natsuko Nozaki-Taguchi & Shiroh Isono

  3. Department of Anesthesiology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan

    Kyongsuk Son, Kentaroh Tarao & Sadatoshi Kawakami

  4. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Yasunori Sato

Authors
  1. Yuki Hateruma
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  5. Sadatoshi Kawakami
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  7. Shiroh Isono
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Contributions

Study design: YH, YS, KT, NN, SI. Data collection: YH, SK, KS. Data analysis: YH, SI. Statistical analysis and advice: YH, NN, SI, YS. Writing up the draft of the manuscript: YH, NN, SK, KT, KS, YS, SI. Approval of the final version: YH, NN, SK, KT, KS, YS, SI.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yuki Hateruma.

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Conflict of interest

This study used data obtained during a collaborative research between Chiba University and MinebeaMitsumi Inc.. Shiroh Isono received scholarship donations from MinebeaMitsumi Inc. as a head of Department of Anesthesiology, Chiba University. Shiroh Isono is one of the inventors of the vital sign monitoring system used in this study.

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Hateruma, Y., Nozaki-Taguchi, N., Son, K. et al. Assessments of perioperative respiratory pattern with non-contact vital sign monitor in children undergoing minor surgery: a prospective observational study. J Anesth 37, 714–725 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00540-023-03223-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00540-023-03223-2

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