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Postinfectious onset in functional dyspepsia is a risk factor for weight loss

  • Original Article—Alimentary Tract
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Abstract

Background

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is differentiated into two subgroups: the postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) and epigastric pain syndrome (EPS). Acute gastroenteritis and Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection have been identified as risk factors for FD. It is unclear how these risk factors relate to Rome IV subgroups and their clinical impact. We aimed to study the association of postinfectious FD (PI-FD) and HP status with clinical profiles and weight loss.

Methods

Consecutive FD patients were assessed for symptom frequency and severity. Patients were identified as PDS, EPS or the overlap group according to severity scores. Additionally, PI history and HP status were determined.

Results

In a cohort of 459 FD-patients, 36% were characterized as having PDS, 9% as having EPS and 55% showed overlap. PI onset and positive HP status were reported by, respectively, 20% and 14% of patients, not significantly differing between subgroups (respectively, p = 0.31 and p = 0.40).

Weight loss was reported by 63% in PDS, 36% in EPS and 56% in overlap patients (p = 0.011). Only early satiety severity correlated with more severe weight loss in the PDS (r 0.31, p < 0.0001) and overlap group (r 0.38, p < 0.0001). PI-FD patients were more likely to experience weight loss (OR 2.27, p = 0.0013). HP status was not significantly associated with weight loss (p = 0.90).

Conclusion

In this cohort, PI onset of FD symptoms emerged as a risk factor for weight loss, but was not associated with the symptom patterns of PDS, EPS or overlap subgroups. Patients with HP infection were not more likely to experience important weight loss.

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Abbreviations

FD :

Functional dyspepsia

GI :

Gastrointestinal

PDS:

Postprandial distress syndrome

EPS:

Epigastric pain syndrome

HP:

Helicobacter pylori

PI-FD:

Postinfectious functional dyspepsia

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases (TARGID), University Hospital Gasthuisberg, University of Leuven, O&N I, bus 701, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium

    Jolien Schol, Florencia Carbone, Karen Van den Houte, Esther Colomier, I.-Hsuan Huang, Emidio Scarpellini, Tim Vanuytsel & Jan Tack

  2. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Lieselot Holvoet, Tim Vanuytsel & Jan Tack

  3. Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Esther Colomier

Authors
  1. Jolien Schol
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  2. Florencia Carbone
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  3. Lieselot Holvoet
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  4. Karen Van den Houte
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  5. Esther Colomier
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  8. Tim Vanuytsel
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  9. Jan Tack
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by JS, LH and FC. The first draft of the manuscript was written by JS and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jan Tack.

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Schol, J., Carbone, F., Holvoet, L. et al. Postinfectious onset in functional dyspepsia is a risk factor for weight loss. J Gastroenterol 57, 156–163 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-022-01854-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-022-01854-y

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