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Oral nanotherapeutics: effect of redox nanoparticle on microflora in mice with dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis

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Abstract

Background

Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) exhibit overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and imbalance of colonic microflora. We previously developed a novel redox nanoparticle (RNPO), which effectively scavenged ROS in the inflamed mucosa of mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis after oral administration. The objective of this study was to examine whether the orally administered RNPO changed the colonic microflora in healthy mice and those with colitis.

Methods

RNPO was synthesized by self-assembly of an amphiphilic block copolymer that contains stable nitroxide radicals in hydrophobic side chain via ether linkage. Colitis was induced in mice by supplementing DSS in drinking water for 7 days, and RNPO was orally administered daily during DSS treatment. The alterations of fecal microflora during treatment of DSS and RNPO were investigated using microbiological assays.

Results

We investigated that RNPO did not result in significant changes to the fecal microflora in healthy mice. Although total aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were not significantly different between experimental groups, a remarkable increase in commensal bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus sp.) was observed in mice with DSS-induced colitis. Interestingly, orally administered RNPO remarkably reduced the rate of increase of these commensal bacteria in mice with colitis.

Conclusions

On the basis of the obtained results, it was confirmed that the oral administration of RNPO did not change any composition of bacteria in feces, which strongly suggests a protective effect of RNPO on healthy environments in intestinal microflora. RNPO may become an effective and safe medication for treatment of UC.

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Acknowledgments

A portion of this work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research A (No. 21240050) and the World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative) on Materials Nanoarchitronics of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT) of Japan.

Conflict of interest

The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity having a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript, apart from those disclosed. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest with this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan

    Long Binh Vong, Toru Yoshitomi & Yukio Nagasaki

  2. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan

    Kazuya Morikawa & Shinji Saito

  3. Master’s School of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan

    Hirofumi Matsui & Yukio Nagasaki

  4. Division of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan

    Hirofumi Matsui

  5. Satellite Laboratory, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan

    Yukio Nagasaki

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  1. Long Binh Vong
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  2. Toru Yoshitomi
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Correspondence to Yukio Nagasaki.

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Vong, L.B., Yoshitomi, T., Morikawa, K. et al. Oral nanotherapeutics: effect of redox nanoparticle on microflora in mice with dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. J Gastroenterol 49, 806–813 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-013-0836-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-013-0836-8

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