Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Recent insights into digestive motility in functional dyspepsia

  • Review
  • Published:
Journal of Gastroenterology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Functional gastrointestinal disorders, such as functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome, are common pathologies of the gut. FD is a clinical syndrome defined as chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort of unknown origin in the upper abdomen. The pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for FD have not been fully elucidated, but new ideas regarding its pathophysiology and the significance of the pathophysiology with respect to the symptom pattern of FD have emerged. In particular, there is growing interest in alterations in gastric motility, such as accommodation to a meal or gastric emptying, and visceral sensation in FD. The mechanisms underlying impaired gastroduodenal motor function are unclear, but possible factors include abnormal neurohormonal function, autonomic dysfunction, visceral hypersensitivity to acid or mechanical distention, Helicobacter pylori infection, acute gastrointestinal infection, psychosocial comorbidity, and stress. Although the optimum treatment for FD is not yet clearly established, acid-suppressive drugs, prokinetic agents, eradication of H. pylori, and antidepressants have been widely used in the management of patients with FD. The therapeutic efficacy of prokinetics such as itopride hydrochloride and mosapride citrate in the treatment of FD is supported by the results of relatively large and well-controlled studies. In addition, recent research has yielded new therapeutic agents and modalities for dysmotility in FD, including agonists/antagonists of various sensorimotor receptors, activation of the nitrergic pathway, kampo medicine, acupuncture, and gastric electric stimulation. This review discusses recent research on the pathophysiology of and treatment options for FD, with special attention given to digestive dysmotility.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. DA Drossman (2006) ArticleTitleThe functional gastrointestinal disorders and the Rome III process Gastroenterology 130 1377–90 Occurrence Handle16678553 Occurrence Handle10.1053/j.gastro.2006.03.008

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. NA Koloski NJ Talley PM Boyce (2000) ArticleTitleThe impact of functional gastrointestinal disorders on quality of life Am J Gastroenterol 95 67–71 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c7gt1Squw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10638561 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.01735.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. G Holtmann W Siffert S Haag N Mueller M Langkafel W Senf et al. (2004) ArticleTitleG-protein beta 3 subunit 825 CC genotype is associated with unexplained (functional) dyspepsia Gastroenterology 126 971–9 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXkt1Krsb4%3D Occurrence Handle15057736 Occurrence Handle10.1053/j.gastro.2004.01.006

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. G Holtmann T Liebregts W Siffert (2004) ArticleTitleMolecular basis of functional gastrointestinal disorders Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 18 633–40 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmvFClsbs%3D Occurrence Handle15324704 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.bpg.2004.04.006

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. M Hirako T Kamiya N Misu Y Kobayashi H Adachi M Shikano et al. (2005) ArticleTitleImpaired gastric motility and its relationship to gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with chronic renal failure J Gastroenterol 40 1116–22 Occurrence Handle16378175 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s00535-005-1709-6

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. S Haag NJ Talley G Holtmann (2004) ArticleTitleSymptom patterns in functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome: relationship to disturbances in gastric emptying and response to a nutrient challenge in consulters and non-consulters Gut 53 1445–51 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD2cvlt1Ggsw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle15361493 Occurrence Handle10.1136/gut.2003.030049

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. J Tack R Bisschops G Sarnelli (2004) ArticleTitlePathophysiology and treatment of functional dyspepsia Gastroenterology 127 1239–55 Occurrence Handle15481001 Occurrence Handle10.1053/j.gastro.2004.05.030

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. T Takahashi (2003) ArticleTitlePathophysiological significance of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the gastrointestinal tract J Gastroenterol 38 421–30 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXltFGnu7c%3D Occurrence Handle12768383 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s00535-003-1094-y

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. A Takahashi T Tomomasa H Kaneko R Hatori T Ishige M Suzuki et al. (2005) ArticleTitleIn vivo recording of colonic motility in conscious rats with deficiency of interstitial cells of Cajal, with special reference to the effects of nitric oxide on colonic motility J Gastroenterol 40 1043–8 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht1OqsLnN Occurrence Handle16322948 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s00535-005-1688-7

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Y Mizuta T Takahashi C Owyang (1999) ArticleTitleNitrergic regulation of colonic transit in rats Am J Physiol 277 G275–9 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXls1ahsrw%3D Occurrence Handle10444440

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Y Mizuta H Isomoto T Takahashi (2000) ArticleTitleImpaired nitrergic innervation in rat colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium Gastroenterology 118 714–23 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXis1ens70%3D Occurrence Handle10734023 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0016-5085(00)70141-7

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. J Tack I Demedts G Dehondt P Caenepeel B Fischler M Zandecki et al. (2002) ArticleTitleClinical and pathophysiological characteristics of acute-onset functional dyspepsia Gastroenterology 122 1738–47 Occurrence Handle12055579 Occurrence Handle10.1053/gast.2002.33663

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. G Sarnelli J Vandenberghe J Tack (2004) ArticleTitleVisceral hypersensitivity in functional disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract Dig Liver Dis 36 371–6 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD2czksFGgtA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle15248374

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. C Feinle-Bisset R Vozzo M Horowitz NJ Talley (2004) ArticleTitleDiet, food intake, and disturbed physiology in the pathogenesis of symptoms in functional dyspepsia Am J Gastroenterol 99 170–81 Occurrence Handle14687160 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.04003.x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. H Nishiyama Y Mizuta H Isomoto F Takeshima K Omagari Y Miyahara et al. (2004) ArticleTitleChronic visceral hypersensitivity renders defecation more susceptible to stress via a serotonergic pathway in rats Dig Dis Sci 49 763–9 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXksFGrsL4%3D Occurrence Handle15259496 Occurrence Handle10.1023/B:DDAS.0000030086.03506.c7

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. H Monnikes JJ Tebbe M Hildebrandt P Arck E Osmanoglou M Rose et al. (2001) ArticleTitleRole of stress in functional gastrointestinal disorders. Evidence for stress-induced alterations in gastrointestinal motility and sensitivity Dig Dis 19 201–11 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD38%2Fgt1Krug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle11752838 Occurrence Handle10.1159/000050681

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Y Sagami Y Shimada J Tayama T Nomura M Satake Y Endo et al. (2004) ArticleTitleEffect of a corticotropin releasing hormone receptor antagonist on colonic sensory and motor function in patients with irritable bowel syndrome Gut 53 958–64 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXlvFemtrs%3D Occurrence Handle15194643 Occurrence Handle10.1136/gut.2003.018911

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. WI Khan SM Collins (2006) ArticleTitleGut motor function: immunological control in enteric infection and inflammation Clin Exp Immunol 143 389–97 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XjsFaktrs%3D Occurrence Handle16487236 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02979.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. NJ Talley V Stanghellini RC Heading KL Koch JR Malagelada GN Tytgat (1999) ArticleTitleFunctional gastroduodenal disorders Gut 45 37–42 Occurrence Handle10.1136/gut.45.2008.ii37

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. J Tack NJ Talley M Camilleri G Holtmann P Hu JR Malagelada et al. (2006) ArticleTitleFunctional gastroduodenal disorders Gastroenterology 130 1466–79 Occurrence Handle16678560 Occurrence Handle10.1053/j.gastro.2005.11.059

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. H Suzuki T Nishizawa T Hibi (2006) ArticleTitleTherapeutic strategies for functional dyspepsia and the introduction of the Rome III classification J Gastroenterol 41 513–23 Occurrence Handle16868798 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s00535-006-1847-5

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. AO Quartero NJ de Wit AC Lodder ME Numans AJ Smout AW Hoes (1998) ArticleTitleDisturbed solid-phase gastric emptying in functional dyspepsia: a meta-analysis Dig Dis Sci 43 2028–33 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1cvisVWqsw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle9753269 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1018803129779

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. AJ Bredenoord HJ Chial M Camilleri BP Mullan JA Murray (2003) ArticleTitleGastric accommodation and emptying in evaluation of patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 1 264–72 Occurrence Handle15017667 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1542-3565(03)00130-7

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. SL Lorena E Tinois SQ Brunetto EE Camargo MA Mesquita (2004) ArticleTitleGastric emptying and intragastric distribution of a solid meal in functional dyspepsia: influence of gender and anxiety J Clin Gastroenterol 38 230–6 Occurrence Handle15128068 Occurrence Handle10.1097/00004836-200403000-00007

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. M Simren R Vos J Janssens J Tack (2003) ArticleTitleUnsuppressed postprandial phasic contractility in the proximal stomach in functional dyspepsia: relevance to symptoms Am J Gastroenterol 98 2169–75 Occurrence Handle14572563

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. SL Lorena MJ Figueiredo JR Almeida MA Mesquita (2002) ArticleTitleAutonomic function in patients with functional dyspepsia assessed by 24-hour heart rate variability Dig Dis Sci 47 27–31 Occurrence Handle11837729 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1013246900041

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. S O'Mahony TG Dinan PW Keeling AS Chua (2006) ArticleTitleCentral serotonergic and noradrenergic receptors in functional dyspepsia World J Gastroenterol 12 2681–7 Occurrence Handle16718753

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. H Mattsson Z Arani M Astin A Bayati DH Overstreet A Lehmann (2005) ArticleTitleAltered neuroendocrine response and gastric dysmotility in the Flinders Sensitive Line rat Neurogastroenterol Motil 17 166–74 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD2M7ls1SntQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle15787937 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-2982.2005.00665.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. R Jian F Ducrot A Ruskone S Chaussade JC Rambaud R Modigliani et al. (1989) ArticleTitleSymptomatic, radionuclide and therapeutic assessment of chronic idiopathic dyspepsia. A double-blind placebo-controlled evaluation of cisapride Dig Dis Sci 34 657–64 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaL1M3jtFeisw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle2653742 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF01540334

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. G Sarnelli P Caenepeel B Geypens J Janssens J Tack (2003) ArticleTitleSymptoms associated with impaired gastric emptying of solids and liquids in functional dyspepsia Am J Gastroenterol 98 783–8 Occurrence Handle12738456 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07389.x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. H Kusunoki K Haruma J Hata H Tani E Okamoto K Sumii et al. (2000) ArticleTitleReal-time ultrasonographic assessment of antroduodenal motility after ingestion of solid and liquid meals by patients with functional dyspepsia J Gastroenterol Hepatol 15 1022–7 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M3jt1aktg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle11059931 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1440-1746.2000.02251.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. S Aoki K Haruma H Kusunoki J Hata M Hara S Yoshida et al. (2002) ArticleTitleEvaluation of gastric emptying measured with the 13C-octanoic acid breath test in patients with functional dyspepsia: comparison with ultrasonography Scand J Gastroenterol 37 662–6 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD38zotVenuw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle12126243 Occurrence Handle10.1080/00365520212508

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. NJ Talley B Shuter G McCrudden M Jones R Hoschl DW Piper (1989) ArticleTitleLack of association between gastric emptying of solids and symptoms in nonulcer dyspepsia J Clin Gastroenterol 11 625–30 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK3c%2Fmt12guw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle2584662 Occurrence Handle10.1097/00004836-198912000-00005

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. NJ Talley M Verlinden M Jones (2001) ArticleTitleCan symptoms discriminate among those with delayed or normal gastric emptying in dysmotility-like dyspepsia? Am J Gastroenterol 96 1422–8 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M3ptFyrsg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle11374677 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.2001.03683.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. V Stanghellini C Tosetti A Paternico G Barbara AM Morselli-Labate N Monetti et al. (1996) ArticleTitleRisk indicators of delayed gastric emptying of solids in patients with functional dyspepsia Gastroenterology 110 1036–42 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK287otlWguw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle8612991 Occurrence Handle10.1053/gast.1996.v110.pm8612991

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. G Sarnelli R Grasso E Ierardi F De Giorgi MF Savarese L Russo et al. (2005) ArticleTitleSymptoms and pathophysiological correlations in patients with constipation and functional dyspepsia Digestion 71 225–30 Occurrence Handle16024927 Occurrence Handle10.1159/000087047

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. G Karamanolis P Caenepeel J Arts J Tack (2006) ArticleTitleAssociation of the predominant symptom with clinical characteristics and pathophysiological mechanisms in functional dyspepsia Gastroenterology 130 296–303 Occurrence Handle16472585 Occurrence Handle10.1053/j.gastro.2005.10.019

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. B Coulie J Tack B Maes B Geypens M De Roo J Janssens (1997) ArticleTitleSumatriptan, a selective 5-HT1 receptor agonist, induces a lag phase for gastric emptying of liquids in humans Am J Physiol 272 G902–8 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXjt1Ogsbs%3D Occurrence Handle9142924

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. G Riezzo C Clemente S Leo F Russo (2005) ArticleTitleThe role of electrogastrography and gastrointestinal hormones in chemotherapy-related dyspeptic symptoms J Gastroenterol 40 1107–15 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtlGhsLvM Occurrence Handle16378174 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s00535-005-1708-7

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. A Leahy K Besherdas C Clayman I Mason O Epstein (1999) ArticleTitleAbnormalities of the electrogastrogram in functional gastrointestinal disorders Am J Gastroenterol 94 1023–8 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1M3hsFKlsg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10201477 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.01007.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Z Lin EY Eaker I Sarosiek RW McCallum (1999) ArticleTitleGastric myoelectrical activity and gastric emptying in patients with functional dyspepsia Am J Gastroenterol 94 2384–9 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1MvhtFOqtQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10483996 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.01362.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. P Holmvall G Lindberg (2002) ArticleTitleElectrogastrography before and after a high-caloric, liquid test meal in healthy volunteers and patients with severe functional dyspepsia Scand J Gastroenterol 37 1144–8 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD38nkvVymtA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle12408518 Occurrence Handle10.1080/003655202760373344

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. IR van der Voort E Osmanoglou M Seybold I Heymann-Monnikes J Tebbe B Wiedenmann et al. (2003) ArticleTitleElectrogastrography as a diagnostic tool for delayed gastric emptying in functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome Neurogastroenterol Motil 15 467–73 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3svpvFOksA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle14507348 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2982.2003.00433.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. H Zhang X Xu Z Wang C Li M Ke (2006) ArticleTitleCorrelation between gastric myoelectrical activity recorded by multi-channel electrogastrography and gastric emptying in patients with functional dyspepsia Scand J Gastroenterol 41 797–804 Occurrence Handle16785192 Occurrence Handle10.1080/00365520500469750 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXps1Ghs78%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. HJ Jebbink GP vanBerge-Henegouwen LM Akkermans AJ Smout (1996) ArticleTitleSmall intestinal motor abnormalities in patients with functional dyspepsia demonstrated by ambulatory manometry Gut 38 694–700 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK28zjsV2muw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle8707114

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. A Wilmer E Van Cutsem A Andrioli J Tack G Coremans J Janssens (1998) ArticleTitleAmbulatory gastrojejunal manometry in severe motility-like dyspepsia: lack of correlation between dysmotility, symptoms, and gastric emptying Gut 42 235–42 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1c7pvVSitQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle9536949 Occurrence Handle10.1136/gut.42.2.235

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. K Nakamura T Takahashi M Taniuchi CX Hsu C Owyang (1998) ArticleTitleNicotinic receptor mediates nitric oxide synthase expression in the rat gastric myenteric plexus J Clin Invest 101 1479–89 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXitleksb0%3D Occurrence Handle9525991

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. J Tack H Piessevaux B Coulie P Caenepeel J Janssens (1998) ArticleTitleRole of impaired gastric accommodation to a meal in functional dyspepsia Gastroenterology 115 1346–52 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1M%2FlsFGktw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle9834261 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0016-5085(98)70012-5

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. H Piessevaux J Tack S Walrand S Pauwels A Geubel (2003) ArticleTitleIntragastric distribution of a standardized meal in health and functional dyspepsia: correlation with specific symptoms Neurogastroenterol Motil 15 447–55 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3svpvFOksw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle14507346 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2982.2003.00431.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. DY Kim S Delgado-Aros M Camilleri M Samsom JA Murray MK O'Connor et al. (2001) ArticleTitleNoninvasive measurement of gastric accommodation in patients with idiopathic nonulcer dyspepsia Am J Gastroenterol 96 3099–105 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3Mnns1Ggtw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle11721755 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.2001.05264.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. GE Boeckxstaens DP Hirsch SD Kuiken SH Heisterkamp GN Tytgat (2002) ArticleTitleThe proximal stomach and postprandial symptoms in functional dyspeptics Am J Gastroenterol 97 40–8 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD38%2FosVGntQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle11811168 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.2002.05421.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. J Tack P Caenepeel H Piessevaux R Cuomo J Janssens (2003) ArticleTitleAssessment of meal induced gastric accommodation by a satiety drinking test in health and in severe functional dyspepsia Gut 52 1271–7 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3sznsleqtg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle12912857 Occurrence Handle10.1136/gut.52.9.1271

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. MJ Monroe PJ Hornby ER Partosoedarso (2004) ArticleTitleCentral vagal stimulation evokes gastric volume changes in mice: a novel technique using a miniaturized barostat Neurogastroenterol Motil 16 5–11 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD2c%2Fps1Cjtg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle14764200 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2982.2003.00464.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. E Bjornsson J Sjoberg G Ringstrom M Norstrom M Simren H Abrahamsson (2003) ArticleTitleEffects of duodenal lipids on gastric sensitivity and relaxation in patients with ulcer-like and dysmotility-like dyspepsia Digestion 67 209–17 Occurrence Handle12966228 Occurrence Handle10.1159/000072059

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. J Tack P Caenepeel M Corsetti J Janssens (2004) ArticleTitleRole of tension receptors in dyspeptic patients with hypersensitivity to gastric distention Gastroenterology 127 1058–66 Occurrence Handle15480984 Occurrence Handle10.1053/j.gastro.2004.07.005

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. T Hausken S Svebak I Wilhelmsen TT Haug K Olafsen E Pettersson et al. (1993) ArticleTitleLow vagal tone and antral dysmotility in patients with functional dyspepsia Psychosom Med 55 12–22 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK3s7ovFOrsA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle8446737

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. LE Troncon DG Thompson NK Ahluwalia J Barlow L Heggie (1995) ArticleTitleRelations between upper abdominal symptoms and gastric distension abnormalities in dysmotility like functional dyspepsia and after vagotomy Gut 37 17–22 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2Mvgt1yjsw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle7672673

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. D Armstrong (1996) ArticleTitleHelicobacter pylori infection and dyspepsia Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 215 38–47 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK283psVyhsA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle8722381

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. M Saruc N Ozden N Turkel S Ayhan MA Demir I Tuzcuoglu et al. (2003) ArticleTitleFunctional dyspepsia: relationship between clinical subgroups and Helicobacter pylori status in western Turkey Braz J Med Biol Res 36 747–51 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3s3msV2nsA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle12792704

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. J Danesh M Lawrence M Murphy S Roberts R Collins (2000) ArticleTitleSystematic review of the epidemiological evidence on Helicobacter pylori infection and nonulcer or uninvestigated dyspepsia Arch Intern Med 160 1192–8 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c3kvVCktA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10789614 Occurrence Handle10.1001/archinte.160.8.1192

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. A Kawamura K Adachi T Takashima M Murao T Katsube M Yuki et al. (2001) ArticleTitlePrevalence of functional dyspepsia and its relationship with Helicobacter pylori infection in a Japanese population J Gastroenterol Hepatol 16 384–8 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M3lsF2qtw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle11354275 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1440-1746.2001.02454.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. L Laine P Schoenfeld MB Fennerty (2001) ArticleTitleTherapy for Helicobacter pylori in patients with nonulcer dyspepsia. A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials Ann Intern Med 134 361–9 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M7lt1ehsQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle11242496

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Moayyedi P, Soo S, Deeks J, Delaney B, Harris A, Innes M, et al. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori for non-ulcer dyspepsia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;(2):CD002096

  64. Y Takehara Y Mizuta H Isomoto K Ohnita M Yoshimura T Nakamura et al. (2002) ArticleTitleInfluence of Helicobacter pylori infection on in vitro responsiveness of gastric fundus to agonists and to stimulation of enteric nerves in Mongolian gerbils J Gastroenterol 37 589–95 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XnsFOjtLo%3D Occurrence Handle12203073 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s005350200094

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. P Bercik R De Giorgio P Blennerhassett EF Verdu G Barbara SM Collins (2002) ArticleTitleImmune-mediated neural dysfunction in a murine model of chronic Helicobacter pylori infection Gastroenterology 123 1205–15 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xotl2ns70%3D Occurrence Handle12360482 Occurrence Handle10.1053/gast.2002.36024

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. K Higuchi K Tominaga T Watanabe H Uno M Shiba E Sasaki et al. (2004) ArticleTitleIndomethacin, but not Helicobacter pylori, inhibits adaptive relaxation in isolated guinea-pig stomach Drugs Exp Clin Res 30 235–41 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXit1ylt7Y%3D Occurrence Handle15700751

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. JE Dominguez-Munoz P Malfertheiner (2001) ArticleTitleEffect of Helicobacter pylori infection on gastrointestinal motility, pancreatic secretion and hormone release in asymptomatic humans Scand J Gastroenterol 36 1141–7 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MnhtFKlug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle11686212 Occurrence Handle10.1080/00365520152584752

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. PJ van der Schaar JW Straathof RA Veenendaal CB Lamers AA Masclee (2001) ArticleTitleDoes Helicobacter pylori gastritis affect motor function of proximal stomach in dyspeptic patients? Dig Dis Sci 46 1833–8 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MrivFOgsg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle11575433 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1010662409847

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. M Thumshirn M Camilleri SB Saslow DE Williams DD Burton RB Hanson (1999) ArticleTitleGastric accommodation in non-ulcer dyspepsia and the roles of Helicobacter pylori infection and vagal function Gut 44 55–64 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1M%2FotFKmtA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle9862826 Occurrence Handle10.1136/gut.44.1.55

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. G Sarnelli R Cuomo J Janssens J Tack (2003) ArticleTitleSymptom patterns and pathophysiological mechanisms in dyspeptic patients with and without Helicobacter pylori Dig Dis Sci 48 2229–36 Occurrence Handle14714606 Occurrence Handle10.1023/B:DDAS.0000007856.71462.6c

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. J Koskenpato T Korppi-Tommola K Kairemo M Farkkila (2000) ArticleTitleLong-term follow-up study of gastric emptying and Helicobacter pylori eradication among patients with functional dyspepsia Dig Dis Sci 45 1763–8 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3crgtlOltQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle11052317 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1005582211673

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. SD Parry R Stansfield D Jelley W Gregory E Phillips JR Barton et al. (2003) ArticleTitleDoes bacterial gastroenteritis predispose people to functional gastrointestinal disorders? A prospective, community-based, case–control study Am J Gastroenterol 98 1970–5 Occurrence Handle14499773

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. F Mearin M Perez-Oliveras A Perello J Vinyet A Ibanez J Coderch et al. (2005) ArticleTitleDyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome after a Salmonella gastroenteritis outbreak: one-year follow-up cohort study Gastroenterology 129 98–104 Occurrence Handle16012939 Occurrence Handle10.1053/j.gastro.2005.04.012

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. MR He YG Song FC Zhi (2005) ArticleTitleGastrointestinal hormone abnormalities and G and D cells in functional dyspepsia patients with gastric dysmotility World J Gastroenterol 11 443–6 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhs1ejs7c%3D Occurrence Handle15637765

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. C Feinle M D'Amato NW Read (1996) ArticleTitleCholecystokinin-A receptors modulate gastric sensory and motor responses to gastric distension and duodenal lipid Gastroenterology 110 1379–85 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XjtV2ht7k%3D Occurrence Handle8613041 Occurrence Handle10.1053/gast.1996.v110.pm8613041

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. R Barbera C Feinle NW Read (1995) ArticleTitleAbnormal sensitivity to duodenal lipid infusion in patients with functional dyspepsia Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 7 1051–7 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK283osl2ktg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle8680904

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. AS Chua PW Keeling (2006) ArticleTitleCholecystokinin hyperresponsiveness in functional dyspepsia World J Gastroenterol 12 2688–93 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xls1WisLw%3D Occurrence Handle16718754

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. AS Chua PW Keeling TG Dinan (2006) ArticleTitleRole of cholecystokinin and central serotonergic receptors in functional dyspepsia World J Gastroenterol 12 1329–35 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XksVyntb8%3D Occurrence Handle16552797

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. IM Kamerling AD Van Haarst J Burggraaf RC Schoemaker I Biemond H Heinzerling et al. (2003) ArticleTitleMotilin effects on the proximal stomach in patients with functional dyspepsia and healthy volunteers Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 284 G776–81 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXjvFGqurc%3D Occurrence Handle12519743

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. NJ Talley M Verlinden W Snape JA Beker P Ducrotte A Dettmer et al. (2000) ArticleTitleFailure of a motilin receptor agonist (ABT-229) to relieve the symptoms of functional dyspepsia in patients with and without delayed gastric emptying: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial Aliment Pharmacol Ther 14 1653–61 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXkvVOrtA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle11121915 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00868.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Y Date M Kojima H Hosoda A Sawaguchi MS Mondal T Suganuma et al. (2000) ArticleTitleGhrelin, a novel growth hormone-releasing acylated peptide, is synthesized in a distinct endocrine cell type in the gastrointestinal tracts of rats and humans Endocrinology 141 4255–61 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXnslKgs7w%3D Occurrence Handle11089560 Occurrence Handle10.1210/en.141.11.4255

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. K Fujino A Inui A Asakawa N Kihara M Fujimura M Fujimiya (2003) ArticleTitleGhrelin induces fasted motor activity of the gastrointestinal tract in conscious fed rats J Physiol 550 227–40 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXmtlyisrc%3D Occurrence Handle12837928 Occurrence Handle10.1113/jphysiol.2003.040600

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. H Fukuda Y Mizuta H Isomoto F Takeshima K Ohnita K Ohba et al. (2004) ArticleTitleGhrelin enhances gastric motility through direct stimulation of intrinsic neural pathways and capsaicin-sensitive afferent neurones in rats Scand J Gastroenterol 39 1209–14 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtVahsbjP Occurrence Handle15742997 Occurrence Handle10.1080/00365520410007908

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. RB Heath R Jones KN Frayn MD Robertson (2004) ArticleTitleVagal stimulation exaggerates the inhibitory ghrelin response to oral fat in humans J Endocrinol 180 273–81 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhvVOmsrc%3D Occurrence Handle14765979 Occurrence Handle10.1677/joe.0.1800273

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. A Asakawa A Inui T Kaga H Yuzuriha T Nagata M Fujimiya et al. (2001) ArticleTitleA role of ghrelin in neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to stress in mice Neuroendocrinology 74 143–7 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXntVKktbY%3D Occurrence Handle11528215 Occurrence Handle10.1159/000054680

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. T Shinomiya M Fukunaga T Akamizu T Irako M Yokode K Kangawa et al. (2005) ArticleTitlePlasma acylated ghrelin levels correlate with subjective symptoms of functional dyspepsia in female patients Scand J Gastroenterol 40 648–53 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXksVejs7Y%3D Occurrence Handle16036524

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. A Lanzini P Magni ML Petroni M Motta F Lanzarotto V Villanacci et al. (2006) ArticleTitleCirculating ghrelin level is increased in coeliac disease as in functional dyspepsia and reverts to normal during gluten-free diet Aliment Pharmacol Ther 23 907–13 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xks1CitL0%3D Occurrence Handle16573793 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.02852.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Takamori K, Mizuta Y, Takeshima F, Akazawa Y, Isomoto H, Ohnita K, et al. Relation among plasma ghrelin level, gastric emptying, and psychological condition in patients with functional dyspepsia. J Clin Gastroenterol 2006 (in press)

  89. A Tucci R Corinaldesi V Stanghellini C Tosetti G Di Febo GF Paparo et al. (1992) ArticleTitleHelicobacter pylori infection and gastric function in patients with chronic idiopathic dyspepsia Gastroenterology 103 768–74 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK38zmtlWnug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle1499926

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. P Holzer E Painsipp M Jocic A Heinemann (2003) ArticleTitleAcid challenge delays gastric pressure adaptation, blocks gastric emptying and stimulates gastric fluid secretion in the rat Neurogastroenterol Motil 15 45–55 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3s%2FnvVChsA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle12588468 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2982.2003.00382.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. M Samsom MA Verhagen GP vanBerge Henegouwen AJ Smout (1999) ArticleTitleAbnormal clearance of exogenous acid and increased acid sensitivity of the proximal duodenum in dyspeptic patients Gastroenterology 116 515–20 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK1M7lsFalug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle10029608 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0016-5085(99)70171-X

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. KJ Lee R Vos J Janssens J Tack (2004) ArticleTitleInfluence of duodenal acidification on the sensorimotor function of the proximal stomach in humans Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 286 G278–84 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhsFart7c%3D Occurrence Handle12760903 Occurrence Handle10.1152/ajpgi.00086.2003

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. KJ Lee B Demarchi I Demedts D Sifrim P Raeymaekers J Tack (2004) ArticleTitleA pilot study on duodenal acid exposure and its relationship to symptoms in functional dyspepsia with prominent nausea Am J Gastroenterol 99 1765–73 Occurrence Handle15330916 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.30822.x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. MP Schwartz M Samsom AJ Smout (2001) ArticleTitleChemospecific alterations in duodenal perception and motor response in functional dyspepsia Am J Gastroenterol 96 2596–602 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXns1ygs7c%3D Occurrence Handle11569681 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.2001.04103.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. MP Jones K Maganti (2004) ArticleTitleSymptoms, gastric function, and psychosocial factors in functional dyspepsia J Clin Gastroenterol 38 866–72 Occurrence Handle15492602 Occurrence Handle10.1097/00004836-200411000-00006

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. LT Chou CY Wu HP Chen CS Chang PG Wong CW Ko et al. (2001) ArticleTitleThe correlation of depression and gastric dysrhythmia in functional dyspepsia J Clin Gastroenterol 33 127–31 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MvjvV2qug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle11468439 Occurrence Handle10.1097/00004836-200108000-00007

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. SL Lorena E Tinois SQ Brunetto EE Camargo MA Mesquita (2004) ArticleTitleGastric emptying and intragastric distribution of a solid meal in functional dyspepsia: influence of gender and anxiety J Clin Gastroenterol 38 230–6 Occurrence Handle15128068 Occurrence Handle10.1097/00004836-200403000-00007

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Y Tache V Martinez M Million L Wang (2001) ArticleTitleStress and the gastrointestinal tract III. Stress-related alterations of gut motor function: role of brain corticotropin-releasing factor receptors Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 280 G173–7 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXjtVajs7c%3D Occurrence Handle11208537

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. K Hveem T Hausken S Svebak A Berstad (1996) ArticleTitleGastric antral motility in functional dyspepsia. Effect of mental stress and cisapride Scand J Gastroenterol 31 452–7 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK28zit1Ggsg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle8734341

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. HA Redstone N Barrowman SJ Veldhuyzen Van Zanten (2001) ArticleTitleH2-receptor antagonists in the treatment of functional (nonulcer) dyspepsia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials Aliment Pharmacol Ther 15 1291–9 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXnt1Gjs7g%3D Occurrence Handle11552898 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.01044.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. DA Peura TO Kovacs DC Metz N Siepman BL Pilmer NJ Talley (2004) ArticleTitleLansoprazole in the treatment of functional dyspepsia: two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials Am J Med 116 740–8 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXktVCku78%3D Occurrence Handle15144910 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.amjmed.2004.01.008

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. NJ Talley V Meineche-Schmidt P Pare M Duckworth P Raisanen A Pap et al. (1998) ArticleTitleEfficacy of omeprazole in functional dyspepsia: double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials (the Bond and Opera studies) Aliment Pharmacol Ther 12 1055–65 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXotVeruro%3D Occurrence Handle9845395 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2036.1998.00410.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. J Goves JK Oldring D Kerr RG Dallara EJ Roffe JA Powell et al. (1998) ArticleTitleFirst line treatment with omeprazole provides an effective and superior alternative strategy in the management of dyspepsia compared to antacid/alginate liquid: a multicentre study in general practice Aliment Pharmacol Ther 12 147–57 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXhtlOmu7s%3D Occurrence Handle9692689 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2036.1998.0284f.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. J Tack P Caenepeel J Arts KJ Lee D Sifrim J Janssens (2005) ArticleTitlePrevalence of acid reflux in functional dyspepsia and its association with symptom profile Gut 54 1370–6 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD2MvptF2qug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle15972301 Occurrence Handle10.1136/gut.2004.053355

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. MP Schwartz M Samsom GP Van Berge Henegouwen AJ Smout (2001) ArticleTitleEffect of inhibition of gastric acid secretion on antropyloroduodenal motor activity and duodenal acid hypersensitivity in functional dyspepsia Aliment Pharmacol Ther 15 1921–8 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xks1Srtw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle11736723 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.01123.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  106. NJ Talley Vakil N. Practice (2005) ArticleTitleParameters Committee of the American College of Gastroenterology. Guidelines for the management of dyspepsia Am J Gastroenterol 100 2324–37 Occurrence Handle16181387 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.00225.x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  107. CY Wu LT Chou HP Chen CS Chang PG Wong GH Chen (2003) ArticleTitleEffect of fluoxetine on symptoms and gastric dysrhythmia in patients with functional dyspepsia Hepatogastroenterology 50 278–83 Occurrence Handle12630041

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. J Tack D Broekaert B Coulie B Fischler J Janssens (2003) ArticleTitleInfluence of the selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor, paroxetine, on gastric sensorimotor function in humans Aliment Pharmacol Ther 17 603–8 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXjt1ygtrg%3D Occurrence Handle12622770 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01469.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. M Hojo H Miwa T Yokoyama T Ohkusa A Nagahara M Kawabe et al. (2005) ArticleTitleTreatment of functional dyspepsia with antianxiety or antidepressive agents: systematic review J Gastroenterol 40 1036–42 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht1OqsLnM Occurrence Handle16322947 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s00535-005-1687-8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. M Tonini F Pace (2006) ArticleTitleDrugs acting on serotonin receptors for the treatment of functional GI disorders Dig Dis 24 59–69 Occurrence Handle16699264 Occurrence Handle10.1159/000090309

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. C Feinle NW Read (1996) ArticleTitleOndansetron reduces nausea induced by gastroduodenal stimulation without changing gastric motility Am J Physiol 271 G591–7 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK28XmsF2lsrg%3D Occurrence Handle8897877

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. NJ Talley SV Van Zanten LR Saez G Dukes T Perschy M Heath et al. (2001) ArticleTitleA dose-ranging, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of alosetron in patients with functional dyspepsia Aliment Pharmacol Ther 15 525–37 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXjtVyis7k%3D Occurrence Handle11284782 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00941.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. H Kaneko T Konagaya S Kakumu (2006) ArticleTitleVisceral specific analgesic action of mosapride citrate, a gastroprokinetic drug, and its metabolite against gastric distension through a 5-HT4 and 5-HT3 receptor in conscious rats (abstr) Gastroenterology 130 A–246

    Google Scholar 

  114. Moayyedi P, Soo S, Deeks J, Delaney B, Innes M, Forman D. Pharmacological interventions for non-ulcer dyspepsia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004;(4):CD001960

  115. M Bouin F Lupien M Riberdy-Poitras P Poitras (2006) ArticleTitleTolerance to gastric distension in patients with functional dyspepsia: modulation by a cholinergic and nitrergic method Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 18 63–8 Occurrence Handle16357621 Occurrence Handle10.1097/00042737-200601000-00011

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  116. M Tonini L Cipollina E Poluzzi F Crema GR Corazza F De Ponti (2004) ArticleTitleReview article: clinical implications of enteric and central D2 receptor blockade by antidopaminergic gastrointestinal prokinetics Aliment Pharmacol Ther 19 379–90 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXis1Sgtr4%3D Occurrence Handle14871277 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.01867.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. E Distrutti S Fiorucci SK Hauer MO Pensi M Vanasia A Morelli (2002) ArticleTitleEffect of acute and chronic levosulpiride administration on gastric tone and perception in functional dyspepsia Aliment Pharmacol Ther 16 613–22 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XivV2ltbc%3D Occurrence Handle11876717 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01180.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  118. F Mearin L Rodrigo A Perez-Mota A Balboa I Jimenez JJ Sebastian et al. (2004) ArticleTitleLevosulpiride and cisapride in the treatment of dysmotility-like functional dyspepsia: a randomized, double-masked trial Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2 301–8 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXjslyltLk%3D Occurrence Handle15067624 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1542-3565(04)00059-X

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  119. V Stanghellini R De Giorgio G Barbara R Cogliandro C Tosetti F De Ponti et al. (2004) ArticleTitleDelayed gastric emptying in functional dyspepsia Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol 7 259–64 Occurrence Handle15238200

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  120. J Tack G Sarnelli (2002) ArticleTitleSerotonergic modulation of visceral sensation: upper gastrointestinal tract Gut 51 i77–80 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XlslOjtLo%3D Occurrence Handle12077073 Occurrence Handle10.1136/gut.51.2.219

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  121. GE Boeckxstaens DP Hirsch SD Kuiken SH Heisterkamp GN Tytgat (2002) ArticleTitleThe proximal stomach and postprandial symptoms in functional dyspeptics Am J Gastroenterol 97 40–8 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD38%2FosVGntQ%3D%3D Occurrence Handle11811168 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.2002.05421.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  122. J Tack B Coulie A Wilmer A Andrioli J Janssens (2000) ArticleTitleInfluence of sumatriptan on gastric fundus tone and on the perception of gastric distension in man Gut 46 468–73 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXis1emsrs%3D Occurrence Handle10716674 Occurrence Handle10.1136/gut.46.4.468

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. J Tack P Caenepeel M Corsetti J Janssens (2004) ArticleTitleRole of tension receptors in dyspeptic patients with hypersensitivity to gastric distention Gastroenterology 127 1058–66 Occurrence Handle15480984 Occurrence Handle10.1053/j.gastro.2004.07.005

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  124. J Tack H Piessevaux B Coulie (1999) ArticleTitleA placebo-controlled trial of buspirone, a fundus-relaxing drug, in functional dyspepsia: effect on symptoms and gastric sensory and motor function (abstr) Gastroenterology 116 A–325

    Google Scholar 

  125. G Manes JE Dominguez-Munoz A Leodolter P Malfertheiner (2001) ArticleTitleEffect of cisapride on gastric sensitivity to distension, gastric compliance and duodeno-gastric reflexes in healthy humans Dig Liver Dis 33 407–13 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXmt1GktLo%3D Occurrence Handle11529652 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1590-8658(01)80012-8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  126. NJ Talley NB Vakil P Moayyedi (2005) ArticleTitleAmerican Gastroenterological Association technical review on the evaluation of dyspepsia Gastroenterology 129 1756–80 Occurrence Handle16285971 Occurrence Handle10.1053/j.gastro.2005.09.020

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  127. J Tack R Vos J Janssens J Salter S Jauffret G Vandeplassche (2003) ArticleTitleInfluence of tegaserod on proximal gastric tone and on the perception of gastric distension Aliment Pharmacol Ther 18 1031–7 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXptler Occurrence Handle14616170 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01775.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  128. J Tack T Delia G Ligozio S Sue M Lefkowitz G Vandeplassche (2002) ArticleTitleA phase II placebo controlled randomized trial with tegaserod in functional dyspepsia patients with normal gastric emptying (abstr) Gastroenterology 122 A-154

    Google Scholar 

  129. BI Hallerback G Bommelaer E Bredberg M Campbell M Hellblom K Lauritsen et al. (2002) ArticleTitleDose finding study of mosapride in functional dyspepsia: a placebo-controlled, randomized study Aliment Pharmacol Ther 16 959–67 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xkt1Gktr4%3D Occurrence Handle11966505 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01236.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  130. SY Chen JY Wang CW Zhu YZ Yuan B Zou L Xia et al. (2004) ArticleTitleA randomized controlled multi-center clinical trial on mosapride in the treatment of functional dyspepsia Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 25 165–8 Occurrence Handle15132875

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  131. DN Amarapurkar P Rane (2004) ArticleTitleRandomised, double-blind, comparative study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ganaton (itopride hydrochloride) and mosapride citrate in the management of functional dyspepsia J Indian Med Assoc 102 735–7 Occurrence Handle15871365

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  132. H Seno H Nakase T Chiba (2005) ArticleTitleUsefulness of famotidine in functional dyspepsia patient treatment: comparison among prokinetic, acid suppression and antianxiety therapies Aliment Pharmacol Ther 21 32–6 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXlvFShtbw%3D Occurrence Handle15943844 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02471.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  133. M Otaka M Jin M Odashima T Matsuhashi I Wada Y Horikawa et al. (2005) ArticleTitleNew strategy of therapy for functional dyspepsia using famotidine, mosapride and amitriptyline Aliment Pharmacol Ther 21 42–6 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXlvFShtbo%3D Occurrence Handle15943846 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02473.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  134. Y Kinoshita T Hashimoto A Kawamura M Yuki K Amano H Sato et al. (2005) ArticleTitleEffects of famotidine, mosapride and tandospirone for treatment of functional dyspepsia Aliment Pharmacol Ther 21 37–41 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXlvFShtb0%3D Occurrence Handle15943845 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02472.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  135. M Hongo (2006) ArticleTitleInitial approach and pharmacotherapy for functional dyspepsia—a large clinical trial in Japan (abstr) Gastroenterology 130 A-506

    Google Scholar 

  136. F Katagiri T Shiga S Inoue Y Sato H Itoh M Takeyama (2006) ArticleTitleEffects of itopride hydrochloride on plasma gut-regulatory peptide and stress-related hormone levels in healthy human subjects Pharmacology 77 115–21 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XntFyksb8%3D Occurrence Handle16717477 Occurrence Handle10.1159/000093485

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  137. G Holtmann NJ Talley T Liebregts B Adam C Parow (2006) ArticleTitleA placebo-controlled trial of itopride in functional dyspepsia N Engl J Med 354 832–40 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xhsl2gs7Y%3D Occurrence Handle16495395 Occurrence Handle10.1056/NEJMoa052639

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  138. C Feinle O Meier B Otto M D'Amato M Fried (2001) ArticleTitleRole of duodenal lipid and cholecystokinin A receptors in the pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia Gut 48 347–55 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXitlCjtbc%3D Occurrence Handle11171824 Occurrence Handle10.1136/gut.48.3.347

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  139. JJ Galligan S Vanner (2005) ArticleTitleBasic and clinical pharmacology of new motility promoting agents Neurogastroenterol Motil 17 643–53 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD2Mrhtl2jug%3D%3D Occurrence Handle16185302 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-2982.2005.00675.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  140. B Coffin D Bouhassira R Chollet B Fraitag C De Meynard J Geneve et al. (1996) ArticleTitleEffect of the kappa agonist fedotozine on perception of gastric distension in healthy humans Aliment Pharmacol Ther 10 919–25 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXksl2gtw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle8971289 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2036.1996.109280000.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  141. NW Read JL Abitbol KD Bardhan PJ Whorwell B Fraitag (1997) ArticleTitleEfficacy and safety of the peripheral kappa agonist fedotozine versus placebo in the treatment of functional dyspepsia Gut 41 664–8 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXnvFaisLo%3D Occurrence Handle9414975 Occurrence Handle10.1136/gut.41.5.664

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  142. S Delgado-Aros HJ Chial F Cremonini I Ferber S McKinzie DD Burton et al. (2003) ArticleTitleEffects of asimadoline, a kappa-opioid agonist, on satiation and postprandial symptoms in health Aliment Pharmacol Ther 18 507–14 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXot1Oqt7s%3D Occurrence Handle12950423 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01670.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  143. H Fukuda K Suenaga D Tsuchida CR Mantyh TN Pappas GA Hicks et al. (2006) ArticleTitleThe selective mu opioid receptor antagonist, alvimopan, improves delayed GI transit of postoperative ileus in rats Brain Res 1102 63–70 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XntlWhsr0%3D Occurrence Handle16797494 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.brainres.2006.02.092

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  144. DV Sivarao ZK Krowicki TP Abrahams PJ Hornby (1999) ArticleTitleVagally-regulated gastric motor activity: evidence for kainate and NMDA receptor mediation Eur J Pharmacol 368 173–82 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXhs1Oit7s%3D Occurrence Handle10193653 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0014-2999(99)00015-1

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  145. SD Kuiken A Lei GN Tytgat R Holman GE Boeckxstaens (2002) ArticleTitleEffect of the low-affinity, noncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist dextromethorphan on visceral perception in healthy volunteers Aliment Pharmacol Ther 16 1955–62 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XptFSqur0%3D Occurrence Handle12390105 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01358.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  146. SD Kuiken SJ van den Berg GN Tytgat GE Boeckxstaens (2004) ArticleTitleOral S(+)-ketamine does not change visceral perception in health Dig Dis Sci 49 1745–51 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXpsFWhtw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle15628696 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s10620-004-9563-6

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  147. P Holzer U Holzer-Petsche (1997) ArticleTitleTachykinins in the gut. Part II. Roles in neural excitation, secretion and inflammation Pharmacol Ther 73 219–63 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXivFKhsr8%3D Occurrence Handle9175156 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0163-7258(96)00196-9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  148. R Sharma P Tobin SJ Clarke (2005) ArticleTitleManagement of chemotherapy-induced nausea, vomiting, oral mucositis, and diarrhoea Lancet Oncol 6 93–102 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXosFyntg%3D%3D Occurrence Handle15683818 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S1470-2045(05)01735-3

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  149. H Monnikes IR van der Voort B Wollenberg I Heymann-Monnikes JJ Tebbe W Alt et al. (2005) ArticleTitleGastric perception thresholds are low and sensory neuropeptide levels high in Helicobacter pylori-positive functional dyspepsia Digestion 71 111–23 Occurrence Handle15785037 Occurrence Handle10.1159/000084625 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXjsFyrsrc%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. J Fioramonti E Gaultier M Toulouse GJ Sanger L Bueno (2003) ArticleTitleIntestinal anti-nociceptive behaviour of NK3 receptor antagonism in conscious rats: evidence to support a peripheral mechanism of action Neurogastroenterol Motil 15 363–9 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD3szhvVSnsA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle12846724 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2982.2003.00420.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  151. A Kawabata (2003) ArticleTitleGastrointestinal functions of proteinase-activated receptors Life Sci 74 247–54 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXos12qt7s%3D Occurrence Handle14607252 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.lfs.2003.09.011

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  152. A Kawabata R Kuroda N Nagata N Kawao T Masuko H Nishikawa et al. (2001) ArticleTitleIn vivo evidence that protease-activated receptors 1 and 2 modulate gastrointestinal transit in the mouse Br J Pharmacol 133 1213–8 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXmsFKhsLc%3D Occurrence Handle11498505 Occurrence Handle10.1038/sj.bjp.0704211

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  153. F Mule R Pizzuti A Capparelli N Vergnolle (2004) ArticleTitleEvidence for the presence of functional protease activated receptor 4 (PAR4) in the rat colon Gut 53 229–34 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhs1GhtLk%3D Occurrence Handle14724155 Occurrence Handle10.1136/gut.2003.021899

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  154. OH Gilja T Hausken CJ Bang A Berstad (1997) ArticleTitleEffect of glyceryl trinitrate on gastric accommodation and symptoms in functional dyspepsia Dig Dis Sci 42 2124–31 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXns1Snu70%3D Occurrence Handle9365147 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1018839122354

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  155. G Sarnelli D Sifrim J Janssens J Tack (2004) ArticleTitleInfluence of sildenafil on gastric sensorimotor function in humans Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 287 G988–92 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtVaqs7fM Occurrence Handle15475488 Occurrence Handle10.1152/ajpgi.00419.2003

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  156. M Tatsuta H Iishi (1993) ArticleTitleEffect of treatment with liu-jun-zi-tang (TJ-43) on gastric emptying and gastrointestinal symptoms in dyspeptic patients Aliment Pharmacol Ther 7 459–62 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DyaK2c%2Fjt12nuw%3D%3D Occurrence Handle8218760 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-2036.1993.tb00120.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  157. T Hayakawa T Arakawa Y Kase S Akiyama A Ishige S Takeda et al. (1999) ArticleTitleLiu-Jun-Zi-Tang, a kampo medicine, promotes adaptive relaxation in isolated guinea pig stomachs Drugs Exp Clin Res 25 211–8 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXns1Gjsbg%3D Occurrence Handle10568209

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  158. T Oikawa G Ito H Koyama T Hanawa (2005) ArticleTitleProkinetic effect of a Kampo medicine, hange-koboku-to (banxia-houpo-tang), on patients with functional dyspepsia Phytomedicine 12 730–4 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xmt1CisA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle16323291 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.phymed.2005.03.001

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  159. B Hohenester A Ruhl O Kelber M Schemann (2004) ArticleTitleThe herbal preparation STW5 (lberogast) has potent and region-specific effects on gastric motility Neurogastroenterol Motil 16 765–73 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD2cnis1ektA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle15601427 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1365-2982.2004.00548.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  160. T Takahashi (2006) ArticleTitleAcupuncture for functional gastrointestinal disorders J Gastroenterol 41 408–17 Occurrence Handle16799881 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s00535-006-1773-6

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  161. MI Park M Camilleri (2006) ArticleTitleGastroparesis: clinical update Am J Gastroenterol 101 1129–39 Occurrence Handle16696789 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00640.x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  162. H Monnikes IR van der Voort (2006) ArticleTitleGastric electrical stimulation in gastroparesis: where do we stand? Dig Dis 24 260–6 Occurrence Handle16849853 Occurrence Handle10.1159/000092879

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  163. Y Sun JD Chen (2005) ArticleTitleGastric electrical stimulation reduces gastric tone energy dependently Scand J Gastroenterol 40 154–9 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:DC%2BD2M7jtlOjtA%3D%3D Occurrence Handle15764145 Occurrence Handle10.1080/00365520410009582

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan

    Yohei Mizuta, Saburo Shikuwa, Hajime Isomoto, Ryosuke Mishima, Yuko Akazawa, Jun-ichi Masuda, Katsuhisa Omagari & Shigeru Kohno

  2. Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan

    Fuminao Takeshima

Authors
  1. Yohei Mizuta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Saburo Shikuwa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Hajime Isomoto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Ryosuke Mishima
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Yuko Akazawa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Jun-ichi Masuda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Katsuhisa Omagari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Fuminao Takeshima
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Shigeru Kohno
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mizuta, Y., Shikuwa, S., Isomoto, H. et al. Recent insights into digestive motility in functional dyspepsia. J Gastroenterol 41, 1025–1040 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-006-1966-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-006-1966-z

Key words

Search

Navigation