Abstract
The South Indian Granulite Terrane is traversed by several crustal scale shear zones, however the tectonic significance of the shear zones are poorly understood. The tectonic relevance of the Bavali Shear Zone (BSZ) ‒ in the WNW extremity of the Moyar Shear Zone ‒ at the interface between the Paleoarchean to Neoarchean Western Dharwar Craton (WDC) in the north and the late Neoarchean Nilgiri block in the south is poorly constrained. The most conspicuous feature in the WDC is a set of N-striking gently-plunging upright folds and N-striking dextral shear zones (deformation D4). These D4 structures are superposed on a shallowly-dipping D3 recumbent folds and gently-dipping mylonite fabrics in a suite of anatectic gneisses, lower-grade supracrustal rocks and foliated granitoids. In regional scale, the D3 fold axes curve into the WNW-striking BSZ (D5 deformation), a steep-dipping transpressional shear zone with dextral kinematics. The BSZ is characterized by steeply-plunging stretching lineations sub-parallel to the hinges of reclined folds on the pre-shearing fabrics in the lithologies of the adjacent cratons. Syn-D5 charnockite veins suggest the BSZ formed at T > 850 °C. Existing U–Pb (zircon) dates and monazite chemical dates (this study), indicate that the deformation-metamorphism-magmatism in the WDC and the Nilgiri block occurred between 3400 and 2500 Ma; by contrast the high-T D5 oblique crustal shortening in the BSZ contemporaneous with multiple felsic emplacements was active between 830 and 720 Ma. The BSZ collision orogeny possibly preceded the eventual integration of the Greater India landmass with the Gondwanaland during the early-Palaeozoic.
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All the data generated during this study are incorporated within the article and in the supplementary material provided along with the article. Citations of datasets used in Fig. 12 is provided in the figure itself.
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Acknowledgements
This work forms part of the doctoral dissertation of MS and she is supported by NITR research fellowship. SR acknowledges the financial support provided by DST-SERB (Project code: ECR/2018/001821). AB wishes to thank the JIS University for the opportunity to be part of the work. We greatly appreciate the comments provided by three anonymous reviewers; their comments greatly helped to improve the presentation of the manuscript. We thank Prof. Ulrich Riller (Editor-in-Chief) and Prof. Karel Schulmann (Topic Editor) for editorial handling of the manuscript.
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531_2023_2355_MOESM1_ESM.docx
Supplementary file1 (DOCX 19 KB) Supplementary Information 1: Compilation of the published geochronological data from the southern part of the Western Dharwar Craton, Moyar/Bavali Shear Zone and Nilgiri block
531_2023_2355_MOESM2_ESM.xlsx
Supplementary file2 (XLSX 39 KB) Supplementary Information 2: Detailed electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) data of monazites. The element oxide concentrations, chemical spot ages, and ±2σ error of spot ages in monazites (locations of monazite-dated samples in Fig. 2) obtained in this study
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Supplementary file3 (JPG 1520 KB) Supplementary Information 3: (a) Th + Si vs ƩREE + Y + P plot of monazites analyzed in this study. (b) Enlarged view of the box in (a)
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Swain, M., Rekha, S., Nanda, S. et al. The anatomy of the 750 Ma Bavali shear zone in South India: did the integration of India into East Gondwanaland initiate in the mid-Neoproterozoic?. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 112, 2119–2143 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-023-02355-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-023-02355-w