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Detection of detached forced-regressive nearshore wedges: a case study from the central-southern Siena Basin (Northern Apennines, Italy)

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Abstract

The detection of detached nearshore wedges formed in response to relative sea-level drops is considered one of the hottest topics in sequence stratigraphic analysis due to their importance as reservoir analogues. In fact, they usually constitute sandy and porous bodies generally encased in impermeable clay, thus presenting a good potential as traps for fluids. This paper focuses on the sequence stratigraphic analysis of the Pliocene deposits cropping out in the central-southern sector of the Siena Basin (Tuscany, Italy), a post-collisional basin of the Northern Apennines. The exposed sedimentary succession was investigated through a detailed sedimentological and stratigraphic approach, integrated by biostratigraphic analyses, aimed at a better characterization of the infilling history of this sector of the basin. Specifically, this study revealed the occurrence of repeated facies shifts that allowed the identification of two depositional sequences. In detail, a thick sand-rich body far from the basin margins, and previously considered as a turbiditic lobe, has been reinterpreted as formed in a nearshore setting during a fall in relative sea level. This body is totally encased in offshore clay, and due to the lack of physical connection with the related HST deposits, it has to be considered as a detached forced-regressive wedge. The present work led to the recognition of some sedimentological and stratigraphic features typical of falling stage systems tract deposits (e.g. presence of intrabasinal recycled materials, sedimentological evidence of a pre-existing fluvial network subsequently eroded) that can provide useful clues for the identification of detached forced-regressive nearshore wedges in core studies and poorly exposed settings.

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Acknowledgments

This work forms part of the PhD thesis of the first author. We are grateful to Dr. Sergio Longhitano (Basilicata University, Italy) for his critical comments on the preliminary draft of the manuscript. We also express our gratitude to Dr. Claudio Di Celma (University of Camerino, Italy) and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments. The present research was mainly funded by the University of Siena (PAR grants, F. Sandrelli) and partially supported by the International Association of Sedimentologists (Postgraduate Grant Scheme—1st session 2012, I. Martini).

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  1. Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Della Terra e dell’Ambiente, Università di Siena, via Laterina 8, 53100, Siena, Italy

    Ivan Martini, Simone Arragoni, Luca Maria Foresi, Anna Maria Bambini & Fabio Sandrelli

  2. Weatherford Petroleum Consultants AS, Folke Bernadottesvei 38B, 5147, Bergen, Norway

    Mauro Aldinucci

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Correspondence to Ivan Martini.

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Martini, I., Arragoni, S., Aldinucci, M. et al. Detection of detached forced-regressive nearshore wedges: a case study from the central-southern Siena Basin (Northern Apennines, Italy). Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 102, 1467–1489 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-013-0876-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-013-0876-6

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