1 Retraction Note: Neural Comput & Applic (2013) 23:507–518 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-012-0945-y

The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article [1] because it significantly overlaps with a large number of articles that were under consideration at the same time, including [2, 3], and previously published articles, including [4,5,6]. Additionally, the article shows evidence of peer review manipulation. The authors have not responded to any correspondence regarding this retraction.