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Usefulness of the FilmArray Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel in diagnosis of central nervous system infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

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Abstract

Purpose

The BioFire FilmArray® Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel (FAMEP) is designed to rapidly and accurately detect common multiple pathogens that cause central nervous system (CNS) infection, including viruses, bacteria, and yeast. The FAMEP’s usefulness in the setting of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has not been fully evaluated. This retrospective study evaluated the usefulness of the FAMEP in the screening for CNS infection after allogeneic HSCT.

Methods

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was obtained from 12 patients to evaluate the causes of CNS disorders after allogeneic HSCT, and the FAMEP was applied.

Results

The median day of the FAMEP evaluations was 27 days post-transplant (range, 0–390). Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) was detected in three patients and cytomegalovirus was detected in one patient, leading to the diagnosis of encephalitis/myelitis. In three patients (HHV-6, n = 2; CMV, n = 1), the presence of the viruses was confirmed by conventional real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). However, in the remaining patient with HHV-6 detected by the AMEP, HHV-6 was not detected by real-time PCR at the onset but was detected 7 days later. The treatments for the detected viruses improved the clinical conditions in the four patients.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the FAMEP can be a useful sensitive assay in the screening and diagnosis of CNS viral infections after allogeneic HSCT.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Takehiko Mori, Yuya Koda, Jun Kato & Masatoshi Sakurai

  2. Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Takehiko Mori, Yoshifumi Uwamino & Naoki Hasegawa

  3. Department of Hematology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8519, Tokyo, Japan

    Takehiko Mori

  4. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Yoshifumi Uwamino

Authors
  1. Takehiko Mori
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  2. Yuya Koda
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  3. Jun Kato
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  4. Masatoshi Sakurai
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  5. Yoshifumi Uwamino
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  6. Naoki Hasegawa
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Contributions

TM and YK collected and analyzed the data and wrote the paper; JK, MS, YU, and NH collected and analyzed the data and provided important opinions. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Takehiko Mori.

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This study was approved by the ethics committee of Keio University School of Medicine.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Mori, T., Koda, Y., Kato, J. et al. Usefulness of the FilmArray Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel in diagnosis of central nervous system infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Support Care Cancer 30, 5–8 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-021-06474-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-021-06474-5

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