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Implementation of tobacco cessation services at a comprehensive cancer center: a qualitative study of oncology providers’ perceptions and practices

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Abstract

Purpose

To explore (1) perceptions of tobacco cessation for patients, (2) perceived role in addressing patients’ tobacco use, (3) facilitators and barriers to providing cessation services, and (4) perceptions and use of tobacco cessation resources among oncology providers.

Methods

Interviews were conducted with 24 oncology providers at a National Cancer Institute-Designated Comprehensive Cancer Center. Qualitative themes were analyzed using content analysis.

Results

Participants (1) perceived smoking cessation’s priority as low and/or dependent upon clinical factors, (2) described a passive role in addressing tobacco cessation, (3) described loss-framed versus gain-framed messaging when delivering cessation advice, (4) reported moderate self-efficacy in discussing and low self-efficacy in implementing cessation strategies, (5) described multi-level facilitators and barriers to patients’ tobacco cessation, and (6) expressed high value for the cancer center’s tobacco cessation service.

Conclusion

Oncology providers in this study perceived patients’ tobacco cessation as a low priority relative to providing direct cancer treatment and addressing acute complications. These findings indicate opportunities for training to increase delivery of evidence-based cessation advice and facilitate patients’ engagement in cessation services. Provider trainings on embracing an active role in tobacco cessation, addressing multi-level barriers to patients’ tobacco cessation, and using gain-framed messaging should be implemented. This has the potential to improve cancer patients’ treatment outcomes.

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Data Availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are not available for distribution.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the following individuals and organizations who contributed to this project: Michaela Munday, M.Ed.; Regina Carlisle BSN, RN, OCN; Rose Casal, DNP; APRN-BC, AOCNP; Jeffrey A. Dusek, PhD; and Erika S. Trapl, PhD, all the participating providers, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Cancer Institute (grant number P30CA043703) and the CVS Health Foundation.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA

    Samuel N. Rodgers-Melnick

  2. University Hospitals Connor Integrative Health Network, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA

    Samuel N. Rodgers-Melnick

  3. Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Rd, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA

    Monica Webb Hooper

  4. National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, 6707 Democracy Boulevard, Suite 800, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA

    Monica Webb Hooper

Authors
  1. Samuel N. Rodgers-Melnick
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Contributions

Samuel N. Rodgers-Melnick, MT-BC: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, investigation, data curation, writing—original draft—visualization, and project administration. Monica Webb Hooper, PhD: conceptualization, methodology, writing—review and editing—supervision, and funding acquisition.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Monica Webb Hooper.

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Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethics approval

This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center Institutional Review Board (Date: 11/11/2019 No: STUDY20191422).

Consent to participate

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Consent for publication

Participants signed informed consent regarding publishing their data and interview content.

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Not applicable

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Rodgers-Melnick, S.N., Webb Hooper, M. Implementation of tobacco cessation services at a comprehensive cancer center: a qualitative study of oncology providers’ perceptions and practices. Support Care Cancer 29, 2465–2474 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-020-05749-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-020-05749-7

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