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Effects of inspiratory muscle training on respiratory muscle strength, respiratory function and functional capacity in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis

A randomized, controlled trial

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Summary

Background

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) may impair respiratory dynamics and affect the performance of inspiratory and expiratory muscles. The benefit of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) is not well investigated in AIS. We aimed to investigate the effects of IMT on respiratory muscle strength, respiratory function and functional capacity in adolescents with mild to moderate AIS.

Methods

Thirty-six adolescents were randomized into control or IMT groups. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured by spirometry; respiratory muscle strength by maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP); and functional capacity by 6-min walk test (6MWT) before and after the 8-week-long home-based exercise program. Both groups received conventional exercise program including diaphragmatic breathing exercises, resistive local expansion exercise on the collapsed areas in concave sides of scoliosis, spinal stabilization, strengthening of interscapular muscles and stretching exercises. IMT group also trained with Threshold IMT device for 15 minutes, twice a day for 8 weeks at the intensity of 30% of initial MIP value in addition to conventional exercise program.

Results

FEV1, PEF, MIP, MEP and 6MWT distance significantly improved in both groups. IMT group also showed significant improvement in FVC. The increases in FVC, MIP, MEP and 6MWT distance of IMT group were significantly higher compared to control group.

Conclusion

IMT is found to be beneficial for patients with AIS for achieving further improvements in respiratory function, respiratory muscle strength and functional capacity compared to conventional exercise program alone.

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Funding

This study is supported by the Scientific Project Unit of Bezmialem Vakif University (Project Number: 12.2016/29). This study is prospectively registered to ClinicalTrial.gov website (identification number: NCT03391895).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiopulmonary Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Institute of Health Sciences, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Gozde Basbug & Hulya Nilgun Gurses

  2. Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Kent University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Gozde Basbug

  3. Faculty of Health Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Bezmialem Vakif University, Silahtaraga Cd. No: 186 Eyup, Istanbul, Turkey

    Hulya Nilgun Gurses

  4. Division of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izmir Bakircay University, Izmir, Turkey

    Melih Zeren

  5. Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Nuh Mehmet Elmadag

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  1. Gozde Basbug
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Correspondence to Hulya Nilgun Gurses.

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Conflict of interest

G. Basbug, H.N. Gurses, M. Zeren and N.M. Elmadag declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical standards

All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008. The study was approved by Ethics Committee of Bezmialem Vakif University (approval number: 9/91). Informed consent was obtained from all patients and their parents for being included in the study.

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Basbug, G., Gurses, H.N., Zeren, M. et al. Effects of inspiratory muscle training on respiratory muscle strength, respiratory function and functional capacity in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. Wien Klin Wochenschr 135, 282–290 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-023-02197-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-023-02197-1

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