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New inflammatory biomarkers (lymphocyte and monocyte percentage to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and lymphocyte to monocyte percentage ratio) and their association with some cardiometabolic diseases

Results from a large Kurdish cohort study in Iran

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Summary

Background

The incidence of metabolic heart diseases has increased significantly in Middle Eastern countries such as Iran. The present study aimed to investigate the association between monocyte percentage to high-density cholesterol ratio (MHR), lymphocyte percentage to high-density cholesterol ratio (LHR), and lymphocyte to monocyte percentage ratio (LMR) and cardiometabolic diseases in a Kurdish population in the west of Iran.

Methods

This study recruited 9803 individuals, 4728 (48.2%) were male and 5084 (51.8%) were female from Ravansar, Iran. All biomarkers were analyzed by the standard methods.

Results

The prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases was higher in overweight/obese participants and increased with age. MHR and LHR increased significantly in cardiometabolic individuals compared with healthy controls. Individuals in the fourth quartiles of LHR and MHR had higher odds ratio (ORs) for metabolic syndrome (MetS) and diabetes mellitus (DM) than the first quartiles. The LMR had a statistical association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ORs and FLI. Besides, all these associations were stronger for females, and increased physical activity decreased inflammatory biomarkers.

Conclusion

The present study showed MHR and LHR had significant associations with ORs of MetS and DM. Also, MHR and LHR had a significant positive correlation with cardiometabolic risk factors. The LMR only had a statistical association with NAFLD and fatty liver index (FLI). Besides, the strong correlation between inflammatory biomarkers and cardiometabolic risk factors in females might be relevant to higher fat accumulation and metabolic inflammation background, and lower physical activity.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are deeply grateful to the investigators of PERSIAN for their valuable support for designing the methods and developing the questionnaire. We also appreciate our interviewers, RaNCD staff, and Ravansar population for their significant cooperation in data collection.

Funding

This study was supported by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran and Kermanshah University of Medical Science (Grant No: 92472). The funder had no role in the design of the study, collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data, or writing and approval of manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Behavioral disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Maryam Kohsari, Mehdi Moradinazar, Zohreh Rahimi, Farid Najafi, Yahya Pasdar & Ebrahim Shakiba

  2. School of Medicine, St. University, Shahid Shiroudi Boulevard, 6714869914, Kermanshah, Iran

    Ebrahim Shakiba

Authors
  1. Maryam Kohsari
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  2. Mehdi Moradinazar
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  3. Zohreh Rahimi
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  4. Farid Najafi
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  5. Yahya Pasdar
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  6. Ebrahim Shakiba
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Contributions

Maryam Kohsari conceived this study. Mehdi Moradinazar and Maryam Kohsari analyzed the data. All authors, including Maryam Kohsari, Mehdi Moradinazar, Zohreh Rahimi, Farid Najafi, Yahya Pasdar, and Ebrahim Shakiba, produced the first draft. All authors contributed to the multiple revisions and approved the final submission.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ebrahim Shakiba.

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Conflict of interest

M. Kohsari, M. Moradinazar, Z. Rahimi, F. Najafi, Y. Pasdar and E. Shakiba declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical standards

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants or on human tissue were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1975 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the ethics committees of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS.REC.1394.315), Kermanshah, Iran. All participants entered the study after they were fully informed of the process and signed a written consent.

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Data availability

The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available on reasonable request from the corresponding author

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Kohsari, M., Moradinazar, M., Rahimi, Z. et al. New inflammatory biomarkers (lymphocyte and monocyte percentage to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and lymphocyte to monocyte percentage ratio) and their association with some cardiometabolic diseases. Wien Klin Wochenschr 134, 626–635 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-022-02029-8

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