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Azithromycin for acute Q fever in pregnancy

Azithromycin bei akutem Q-Fieber in der Schwangerschaft

Zusammenfassung

Das Q-Fieber ist eine von Coxiella burnetii ausgelöste Zoonose. Obwohl es nur wenige Daten über Infektionen mit C. burnetii während der Schwangerschaft gibt, weisen die vorhandenen Daten daraufhin, dass eine solche Infektion mit einer hohen Morbidität und Mortalität einhergeht. Meistens kommt es bei schwangeren Frauen nur zu einer asymptomatischen Infektion, die jedoch mit geburtshilflichen Komplikationen, wie spontanem Abort, intrauteriner Wachstumsverzögerung, intrauterinem Tod des Fötus und prämaturer Geburt einhergehen kann. Außerdem besteht für schwangere Frauen ein höheres Risiko, ein chronisches Q-Fieber zu entwickeln. Die Behandlung des Q-Fiebers während der Schwangerschaft stellt eine Herausforderung dar, nicht nur weil C. burnetii ein intrazelluläres Bakterium ist, sondern auch weil nur wenig über die Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit der Behandlung bekannt ist. Wir berichten über einen Fall von Q-Fieber, der sowohl für das Kind als auch für die Mutter einen guten Ausgang nahm. Wir beschreiben die durchgeführte Therapie, wobei wir der Meinung sind, dass die Verabreichung von Azithromycin sowohl die möglichen geburtshilflichen Komplikationen als auch die Chronifizierung der Infektion verhindert hat.

Summary

Q fever is a zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii. Although data on Q fever during pregnancy are limited, they indicate that infection with C. burnetii is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The infection is usually asymptomatic in pregnant women but may result in obstetric complications such as spontaneous abortion, intrauterine growth retardation, intrauterine fetal death and premature delivery; in addition, pregnant women are at higher risk of developing chronic Q fever. Treatment of Q fever during pregnancy is challenging not only because C. burnetii is an intracellular bacterium but also because of safety restrictions and limited information on the efficacy of treatment. We report a case of acute Q fever in pregnancy with a successful outcome for mother and child, describe our therapeutic approach to the management of this case, and suggest that treatment with azithromycin may have prevented possible obstetric complications and evolution toward a chronic serologic profile in our patient.

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Correspondence to Daša Cerar.

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Cerar, D., Karner, P., Avšič-Županc, T. et al. Azithromycin for acute Q fever in pregnancy. Wien Klin Wochenschr 121, 469–472 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-009-1180-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-009-1180-0

Keywords

  • Q fever
  • Pregnancy
  • Azithromycin
  • Coxiella burnetii