Abstract
Casing steel is prone to reduced mechanical properties and occurred environmentally assisted cracking finally in sour well environment containing H2S and CO2. The paper mainly researched on the relationship between mechanical properties and hydrogen permeation, exposed casing steel P110 to air, NACE A solution, and simulated formation water containing H2S and CO2 with a stress of 80% yield strength at 60 °C for 168 h, testing its mechanical properties shown strain-aging phenomenon and ductile–brittle transition. The lowest mechanical properties are occurred in the sour well environment, its yield strength, and tensile strength, respectively, reduction 5.0% and 4.7%, while a loss of 41.4% in fracture toughness. With temperature increased from 25 to 60 °C, the hydrogen diffusion coefficient increases by 1.59 times, and there is a mutation in mechanical properties of P110, when the hydrogen diffusion coefficient is 1.64 × 10–4 cm2/s and the subsurface hydrogen concentration is.1.653 × 10–5%. The steel P110 has shown a ductile fracture with toughnest exposed in the air and shown cleavage fracture characteristics exposed to sour environments, indicating that hydrogen permeation has changed the fracture mode from ductile to brittle. This method can be used to test and compute the strength attenuation effect of casing P110 serviced in sour well environments.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Devnathan M-AD-Z et al (1963) A technique for the evaluation of hydrogen embrittlement characteristics of electroplating baths. J Electro Chem Soc 110(8):886–890
Dong L-J et al (2020) Effect of stress on the crevice corrosion of P110 steel in the CO2-saturated NaCl solution containing thiosulphate/H2S. Corros Eng Sci Techol 56(4):351–362
Du XL et al (2021) Corrosion analysis and anti-corrosion measures of oil casing of sulfur content gas wells:s case study of Daniudi gas field in the Ordos Basin. Energy Rep 7:1280–1292
Fatoba O et al (2022) On the behaviour of small fatigue cracks emanating from corrosion pits: part I—the influence of mechanical factors. Theoret Appl Fract Mech 117:1–18
Findleya K-O et al (2016) Critical assessment 19: mechanisms of hydrogen induced cracking in pipeline steels. Mater Sci Technol 32(1):1–8
Gamboa E (2015) Inclined stress corrosion cracks in steel pipelines. Corros Eng Sci Technol 50(3):191–195
Gui F et al (2016) Fatigue crack growth behavior of embedded flaws in sour pipelines, In: 35th ASME international conference on ocean, offshore and arctic engineering. 19–24 Jun Busan, South Korea
Ha H-M et al (2016) Hydrogen evolution and absorption in an API X100 line pipe steel exposed to near-neutral pH solutions. Electrochim Acta 204:18–30
Hou D et al (2013) The effect of SSC on mechanical properties loss and intergranular cracking of the casing P110 in sour wells. Pet Sci 3(10):385–394
Kahyarian A et al (2019) H2S corrosion of mild steel: a quantitative analysis of the mechanism of the cathodic reaction. Electrochem Acta 297:676–684
Kim S-J et al (2014) Hydrogen permeation in high strength steel under load in aqueous environment. Corros Eng Sci Technol 49(2):136–142
Kiran R et al (2017) Identification and evaluation of well integrity and causes of failure of well integrity barriers (a review). J Nat Gas Sci Eng 45:511–526
Kobayashi K et al (2018) Effect of testing temperature on sulfide stress cracking of low alloy steel. Corrosion 74(6):603–612
Le L et al (2021) The combined effect of stress and corrosion on mild steel. J Construct Steel Res 185(1):1-13.0
Liu M et al (2016) Effect of microstructure and crystallography on sulfide stress cracking in API-5CT-P110 casing steel. Mater Sci Eng A 671:244–253
Liu A-H et al (2018) Numerical simulation and experiment on the law of urban natural gas leakage and diffusion for different building layouts. J Nat Gas Sci Eng 54:1–10
Liu W-Y et al (2019) Failure analysis of a fracture tubing used in the formate annulus protection fluid. Eng Fail Anal 95:248–262
Mohtadi B-M et al (2016a) Hydrogen-induced cracking assessment in pipeline steels through permeation and crystallographic texture measurements. J Mater Eng Perform 25(5):1781–1793
Mohtadi B-M et al (2016b) An extensive study of hydrogen-induced cracking susceptibility in an API X60 sour service pipeline steel. Int J Hydrogen Energy 41(7):4185–4197
Mohtadi B et al (2017) A focus on different factors affecting hydrogen induced cracking in oil and natural gas pipeline steel. Eng Fail Anal 79:351–360
Shah M et al (2022) Comparative corrosion behaviour of austenitic 316L and duplex 2205 stainless steels: microstructure and property evolution at highly partial pressure of H2S. Corros Eng Sci Technol 57(1):15–31
Tofique M et al (2016) Fatigue strength, crack initiation, and localized plastic fatigue damage in VHCF of duplex stainless steels. Steel Res Int 87(7):899–910
Ugarte ER et al (2022) A review on well integrity issues for underground hydrogen storage. J Energy Resour Technol Trans ASME 144(4):1–10
Wei R-C et al (2018) Experimental study and numerical simulation on the SSCG in FV520B stainless steel exposed to H2S+C1(-) Environment. Int J Hydrog Energy 43(18):9059–9067
Wu T-Q et al (2015) Hydrogen permeation of X80 steel with superficial stress in the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria. Corros Sci 91:86–94
Yu H-Y et al (2016) A uniform hydrogen degradation law for high strength steels. Eng Fract Mech 156:56–71
Zadow L et al (2015) Inclined stress corrosion cracks in gas pipeline steels: morphology and implications. Mater Corros 66(10):1092–1100
Zeng D-Z et al (2012) Research on stress corrosion sensitivity of P110 casing in wellbore protection fluid. Energy Procedia 16(1):816–821
Zeng D-Z et al (2012a) A high temperature and high pressure multiphase flow corrosion test method and device: China, ZL2012a10154287.4, 09–05
Zeng D-Z et al (2012b) A high temperature and high pressure constant load stress corrosion experiment method and device: China, ZL2012b10222014.9, 10–03
Zhang Z et al (2012) Corrosion rate of hydrogenation to P110 casing in high H2S environment. J Wuhan Univ Technol Mater Sci Ed 27(6):1081–1083
Zhang Z et al (2019) Stress corrosion crack evaluation of super 13Cr tubing in high-temperature and high-pressure gas wells. Eng Fail Anal 95:263–272
Zheng S-Q et al (2012) The hydrogen blistering formed on the surface of A333Gr6 pipeline steel exposed to wet H2S solution. Adv Mater Process 557:87–91
Funding
The authors are thankful for the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52074234) and the Science and Technology Cooperation Project of the CNPC-SWPU Innovation Alliance (Grant No. 2020CX040000).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
HD contributed to conceptualization, validation, writing—review and editing. XZL contributed to data curation and formal analysis. ZZ contributed to funding acquisition and resources. DH contributed to project administration software. LQ contributed to investigation. ST contributed to methodology and supervision.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
We declare that there is no conflict of interest of this paper.
Informed consent
All authors agree to submit this edition and declare that no part of this manuscript has been published or submitted elsewhere.
Ethics approval
This article does not include research on human participants or animals.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hou, D., Xiao, Z., Zhang, Z. et al. Environmental assisted cracking and strength attenuation effect computing on the mechanical properties of casing steel P110 for industrial revolution 5.0 applications in sour well environments. Soft Comput 26, 6777–6787 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-022-07103-x
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-022-07103-x