Abstract
In this paper, the interval approach for Markov switching capital asset pricing model (MS-CAPM) is proposed to quantify the beta risk in two different regimes, namely a bull and a bear regimes. Instead of fitting a MS-CAPM on specific fixed reference points, such as midpoints (center method), and lower and upper bounds (MinMax method), this study suggests choosing the reference points that better represent the intervals of excess stock return and excess market return. Therefore, the convex combination (CC) method is introduced to fit the interval MS-CAPM. The proposed interval MS-CAPM performance based on the CC method is assessed and compared with the center method and the MinMax method through a simulation study and two application studies.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bock HH, Diday E (2000) Symbolic objects. In: Analysis of symbolic data. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 54–77
Billard L, Diday E (2000) Regression analysis for interval-valued data. In: Data analysis, classification, and related methods. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 369–374
Billard L, Diday E (2002) Symbolic regression analysis. In: Classification, clustering, and data analysis. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 281–288
Brailsford TJ, Josev T (1997) The impact of the return interval on the estimation of systematic risk. Pac Basin Financ J 5(3):357–376
Chanaim S, Sriboonchitta S, Rungruang C (2016) A convex combination method for linear regression with interval data. In: International symposium on integrated uncertainty in knowledge modelling and decision making. Springer, Cham, pp. 469–480
Chen SW, Huang NC (2007) Estimates of the ICAPM with regime-switching betas: evidence from four Pacific Rim economies. Appl Financ Econ 17(4):313–327
Hamilton JD (1989) A new approach to the economic analysis of nonstationary time series and the business cycle. Economet: J Economet Soc 57(2):357–384
Held L, Ott M (2016) How the maximal evidence of p-values against point null hypotheses depends on sample size. Am Stat 70(4):335–341
Huang HC (2000) Tests of regimes-switching CAPM. Appl Financ Econ 10(5):573–578
Kayo EK, Martelanc R, Brunaldi EO, da Silva WE (2020) Capital asset pricing model, beta stability, and the pricing puzzle of electricity transmission in Brazil. Energy Policy 142:111485
Lim C (2016) Interval-valued data regression using nonparametric additive models. J Korean Stat Soc 45:358–370
Lintner J (1965) Security prices, risk, and maximal gains from diversification. J Financ 20(4):587–615
Maneejuk P, Yamaka W (2021) Significance test for linear regression: how to test without P-values? J Appl Stat 48(5):827–845. https://doi.org/10.1080/02664763.2020.1748180
Neto EDAL, de Carvalho FDA (2008) Centre and range method for fitting a linear regression model to symbolic interval data. Comput Stat Data Anal 52(3):1500–1515
Phadkantha R, Yamaka W (2020) Why the use of convex combinations works well for interval data: a theoretical explanation. Int J Uncertain Fuzziness Knowl-Based Syst 28(Supp01):81–85
Pastpipatkul P, Maneejuk P, Sriboonchitta S (2017) Markov switching regression with interval data: application to financial risk via CAPM. Adv Sci Lett 23(11):10794–10798
Phochanachan P, Pastpipatkul P, Yamaka W, Sriboonchitta S (2017) Threshold regression for modeling symbolic interval data. Int J Appl Bus Econ Res 15(7):195–207
Phadkantha R, Yamaka W, Tansuchat R (2018) Analysis of risk, rate of return and dependency of REITs in ASIA with capital asset pricing model. In: International conference of the Thailand econometrics society. Springer, Cham, pp. 536–548
Sharpe WF (1964) Capital asset prices: a theory of market equilibrium under conditions of risk. J Financ 19(3):425–442
Tibprasorn P, Khiewngamdee C, Yamaka W, Sriboonchitta S (2017) Estimating efficiency of stock return with interval data. In: Robustness in econometrics. Springer, Cham, pp. 667–678
Vovk VG (1993) A logic of probability, with application to the foundations of statistics. J Roy Stat Soc: Ser B (Methodol) 55(2):317–341
Sellke T, Bayarri MJ, Berger JO (2001) Calibration of ρ values for testing precise null hypotheses. Am Stat 55(1):62–71
Souza LC, Souza RM, Amaral GJ, Silva Filho TM (2017) A parametrized approach for linear regression of interval data. Knowl-Based Syst 131:149–159
Vendrame V, Guermat C, Tucker J (2018) A conditional regime switching CAPM. Int Rev Financ Anal 56:1–11
Virbickaitė A, Lopes HF (2019) Bayesian semiparametric Markov switching stochastic volatility model. Appl Stoch Model Bus Ind 35(4):978–997
Wang J, Zhou M, Guo X, Qi L, Wang X (2020) A Markov Regime Switching Model for Asset Pricing and Ambiguity Measurement of Stock Market. Neurocomputing 435:283–294
Acknowledgments
We would like to express our gratitude to two anonymous reviewers, who offered precious suggestions for improvements. The authors are grateful to the Centre of Excellence in Econometrics, Chiang Mai University, for financial support.
Funding
This study is funded by the Center of Excellence in Econometrics, Faculty of Economics, Chiang Mai University (Grant Number: R000023389).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval
This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.
Additional information
Communicated by Vladik Kreinovich.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yamaka, W., Phadkantha, R. A convex combination approach for Markov switching CAPM of interval data. Soft Comput 25, 7839–7851 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-021-05798-y
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-021-05798-y