UVB radiation and its role in the treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis

Abstract

 In humans, the serum concentration of parathyroid hormone (PTH) is higher in winter than in summer. The increase of PTH can be suppressed by oral vitamin D supplements, which is considered beneficial to those with osteoporosis. The present study investigates whether this effect can also be achieved by serial ultraviolet (UV) irradiation of the skin. In total, 34 women suffering from postmenopausal osteoporosis were included in the open trial. In late winter, 20 patients were irradiated with a spectrum containing UVB, eight times over a period of 4 weeks. The serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)₂D], PTH, osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase (AP), calcium and phosphorus were measured before the first, and 2 days after the last, dose of radiation. The data were compared to the controls (n=14, no UV exposure), who were evaluated once at the start of the study and then again 4 weeks later. After UV irradiation the level of 25(OH)D was increased, whilst that of PTH remained unchanged. The serum level of osteocalcin decreased in the control group, but did not change in the group of women who had been exposed to UV radiation. The present study of osteoporotic women does not confirm previous findings in studies of healthy volunteers i.e. that PTH can be suppressed by exposure to UVB radiation in winter. Further studies are required to specify whether there are subgroups of osteoporotic people who may benefit from exposure to UVB radiation during winter.