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Risk of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases attributed to satellite-based PM2.5 over 2017–2022 in Sanandaj, an area of Iran

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Abstract

The risk of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases attributed to satellite-based PM2.5 has been less investigated. In this study, the attributable risk was estimated in an area of Iran. The predicted air PM2.5 using satellite data and a two-stage regression model was used as the predictor of the diseases. The dose-response linkage between the bias-corrected predictor employing a strong statistical approach and the outcomes was evaluated using the distributed lag nonlinear model. We considered two distinct scenarios of PM2.5 for the risk estimation. Alongside the risk, the attributable risk and number were estimated for different levels of PM2.5 by age and gender categories. The cumulative influence of PM2.5 particles on respiratory illnesses was statistically significant at 13–16 µg/m3 relative to the reference value (median), mostly apparent in the middle delays. The cumulative relative risk of 90th and 95th percentiles were 2.03 (CI 95%: 1.28, 3.19) and 2.25 (CI 95%: 1.28, 3.96), respectively. Nearly 600 cases of the diseases were attributable to the non-optimum values of the pollutant during 2017–2022, of which more than 400 cases were attributed to high values range. The predictor’s influence on cardiovascular illnesses was along with uncertainty, indicating that additional research into their relationship is needed. The bias-corrected PM2.5 played an essential role in the prediction of respiratory illnesses, and it may likely be employed as a trigger for a preventative strategy.

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Data availability

Our data or material may be available from the first or corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Code Availability

The R codes are available under request from the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the National Department of Environment and Iran Meteorological Organization for providing us with the data. This research was supported by the Environmental Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences (IR.MUK.REC.1402/201). The authors would like to thank the Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences for its support.

Funding

This work was supported by the Environmental Health Research Center, Deputy of Research and Technology at Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences with grant number of IR.MUK.REC.1402.201.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

    Shoboo Rahmati

  2. Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

    Omid Aboubakri, Afshin Maleki, Reza Rezaee & Mahdi Safari

  3. Health Metrics and Evaluation Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

    Omid Aboubakri

  4. Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran

    Samira Soleimani

  5. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China

    Guoxing Li

  6. Head of Forecasting Department, Iran Meteorological Organization, Kurdistan Meteorological Bureau, Sanandaj, Iran

    Nashmil Ahmadiani

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  1. Shoboo Rahmati
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  2. Omid Aboubakri
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Correspondence to Omid Aboubakri or Reza Rezaee.

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Rahmati, S., Aboubakri, O., Maleki, A. et al. Risk of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases attributed to satellite-based PM2.5 over 2017–2022 in Sanandaj, an area of Iran. Int J Biometeorol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-024-02697-3

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