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Deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxin cause liver damage and egg quality degradation through endoplasmic reticulum stress in summer laying hens

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Abstract

The present study aimed to find whether low doses of mixed mycotoxins would affect egg quality in laying hens, and to explore the oxidative stress induced liver damage through endoplasmic reticulum during summer stress. A total of 96 Jinghong laying hens, 36 wks of age, were divided into four treatments, with eight repetitions per treatment and three hens per repetition. All the hens were raised in summer (average temperature: 31.3 ± 0.5℃; average humidity: 85.5 ± 0.2%) for 28d. One treatment was fed a basal diet as control (CON), and the other three treatments were fed the same diets containing 3.0 mg/kg deoxynivalenol (DON), 0.5 mg/kg T-2 toxin (T-2), and 1.5 mg/kg DON + 0.25 mg/kg T-2 toxin (Mix). Albumen height and Haugh unit were decreased (P < 0.05) in the Mix group on day 14 and 28. The activity of total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase were decreased (P < 0.05) in the DON, T-2, and Mix groups. The alkaline phosphatase level in DON, T-2, and Mix groups was significantly increased (P < 0.05). The level of interleukin-1β, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α in the Mix group were higher (P < 0.05) than CON, DON, and T-2 groups. Mix group upregulated the mRNA expressions of protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase, activating transcription factor4, IL-1β, nuclear factor-κ-gene binding, and nuclear respiratory factor 2 in the liver (P < 0.05). The results showed that low doses of DON and T-2 toxin could cause oxidative stress in the liver, but DON and T-2 toxin have a cumulative effect on virulence, which can reduce egg quality and cause endoplasmic reticulum stress in the liver.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332005, People’s Republic of China

    Haoneng. Guo, Hongyan Wan, Wenfang Lou, Bo Huang, Shu Hao & Sifa Dai

  2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Engineering Research Center of Nutritional Feed Development, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang, 330045, People’s Republic of China

    Haoneng. Guo, Wenfang Lou, Jinming You & Guanhong Li

  3. College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan

    Rifat Ullah Khan

  4. Jiujiang Bozheng Institute of Biotechnology Industry, Jiujiang, 332005, People’s Republic of China

    Bo Huang, Shu Hao & Sifa Dai

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  1. Haoneng. Guo
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  2. Hongyan Wan
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Correspondence to Sifa Dai.

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Financial support statement

This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32160799), the Key R&D program of Jiangxi Province (20203BBF63021), the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation (20224ACB205010 and 20202BABL216042).

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Guo, H., Wan, H., Lou, W. et al. Deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxin cause liver damage and egg quality degradation through endoplasmic reticulum stress in summer laying hens. Int J Biometeorol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-024-02674-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-024-02674-w

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