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Finger cold-induced vasodilation of older Korean female divers, haenyeo: effects of chronic cold exposure and aging

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the local cold tolerance of older Korean female divers, haenyeo (N = 22) in terms of cold acclimatization and ageing. As control groups, older non-diving females (N = 25) and young females from a rural area (N = 15) and an urban area (N = 51) participated in this study. To evaluate local cold tolerance, finger cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) during finger immersion of 4 °C water was examined. As a result, older haenyeos showed greater minimum finger temperature and recovery finger temperature than older non-diving females (P < 0.05), but similar responses in onset time, peak time, maximum finger temperature, frequency of CIVD, heart rate, blood pressure, and thermal and pain sensations as those of older non-diving females. Another novel finding was that young urban females showed more vulnerable responses to local cold in CIVD variables and subjective sensations when compared to older females, whereas young rural females had the most excellent cold tolerance in terms of maximum temperature and frequency of CIVD among the four groups (P < 0.05). The present results imply that older haenyeos still retain cold acclimatized features on the periphery even though they changed their cotton diving suits to wet suits in the early 1980s. However, cardiovascular responses and subjective sensations to cold reflect aging effects. In addition, we suggest that young people who have been adapted to highly insulated clothing and indoor heating systems in winter should be distinguished from young people who were exposed to less modern conveniences when compared to the aged in terms of cold tolerance.

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Acknowledgements

We sincerely thank haenyeos and Young-Ja Kang in Jeju for their kind participation and support. We also express our thanks to Eric A. Stone who assisted with technical writing and Jeong-Mi Ha for technical supports. The present study was supported by the research program of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (No. K17092) and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (No.2014 R1A2A2A03006522 and 2014M3A9D7034335).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. COM:FORT Laboratory, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, 1 Gawanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea

    Joo-Young Lee

  2. Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea

    Joo-Young Lee & Joonhee Park

  3. Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea

    Eunsook Koh

  4. Mibyeong Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea

    Seongwon Cha

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  1. Joo-Young Lee
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  2. Joonhee Park
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Correspondence to Joo-Young Lee.

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Lee, JY., Park, J., Koh, E. et al. Finger cold-induced vasodilation of older Korean female divers, haenyeo: effects of chronic cold exposure and aging. Int J Biometeorol 61, 1299–1307 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-017-1308-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-017-1308-2

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