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Effects of living at two ambient temperatures on 24-h blood pressure and neuroendocrine function among obese and non-obese humans: a pilot study

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Abstract

The effects of environmental temperature on blood pressure and hormones in obese subjects in Japan were compared in two seasons: summer vs winter. Five obese (BMI, 32 ± 5 kg/m2) and five non-obese (BMI, 23 ±3 kg/m2) men participated in this experiment at latitude 35°10′ N and longitude 136°57.9′ E. The average environmental temperature was 29 ± 1 °C in summer and 3 ± 1 °C in winter. Blood samples were analyzed for leptin, ghrelin, catecholamines, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), free triiodothyronine (fT3), total cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin and glucose. Blood pressure was measured over the course of 24 h in summer and winter. A Japanese version of the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire was also administered each season. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures in obese men were significantly higher in winter (lower environmental temperatures) than in summer (higher environmental temperatures). Noradrenaline and dopamine concentrations were also significantly higher at lower environmental temperatures in obese subjects, but ghrelin, TSH, fT3, fT4, insulin and glucose were not significantly different in summer and winter between obese and non-obese subjects. Leptin, total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were significantly higher in winter in obese than non-obese men. Results from the POMS questionnaire showed a significant rise in Confusion at lower environmental temperatures (winter) in obese subjects. In this pilot study, increased blood pressure may have been due to increased secretion of noradrenaline in obese men in winter, and the results suggest that blood pressure control in obese men is particularly important in winter.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by a Grant from The Hori Information Science Promotion Foundation, Japan, 2010 to D.K. and a Grant from Aikeikai Foundation, Japan, 2010 to M.S.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan

    Dominika Kanikowska, Maki Sato, Satoshi Iwase, Yuuki Shimizu, Naoki Nishimura, Yoko Inukai & Junichi Sugenoya

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  1. Dominika Kanikowska
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  2. Maki Sato
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  3. Satoshi Iwase
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  4. Yuuki Shimizu
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  5. Naoki Nishimura
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  6. Yoko Inukai
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  7. Junichi Sugenoya
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Correspondence to Dominika Kanikowska.

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Kanikowska, D., Sato, M., Iwase, S. et al. Effects of living at two ambient temperatures on 24-h blood pressure and neuroendocrine function among obese and non-obese humans: a pilot study. Int J Biometeorol 57, 475–481 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-012-0574-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-012-0574-2

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