Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

EMDR als psychotherapeutischer Ansatz in der Schmerztherapie

Ist „eye movement desensitization and reprocessing“ eine wirksame Therapie bei Patienten mit chronischen Schmerzen ohne posttraumatische Belastungsstörung?

EMDR as a psychotherapeutic approach in the treatment of chronic pain

Is Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing an effective therapy for patients with chronic pain who do not suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder?

  • Übersichten
  • Published:
Der Schmerz Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Die Wirksamkeit von „eye movement desensitization and reprocessing“ (EMDR) ist für die posttraumatische Belastungsstörung klar belegt. Inwieweit dies auch für den Einsatz bei chronischen Schmerzen gilt, ist trotz vielversprechender Veröffentlichungen bisher unklar, da es an kontrollierten Studien mangelt. Auch die Frage, ob spezifische Wirkmechanismen für die Effekte verantwortlich sind, ist ungeklärt. Die Reduktion des subjektiven Schmerzempfindens ist erklärtes Ziel schmerztherapeutischer Behandlung. Dieses durch nichtmedikamentöse Verfahren, speziell auch durch psychotherapeutische Interventionen, zu erreichen, ist aus einer Reihe von Gründen (z. B. Reduktion von Kosten und unerwünschten Medikamentenwirkungen) erstrebenswert. Ob EMDR hier eine wirksame Intervention ist und bei welchen Schmerzpatienten die Methode wirkt, ist eine wichtige Fragestellung für die schmerzpsychologische Forschung.

Abstract

The efficacy of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has been demonstrated for posttraumatic stress disorder. Despite promising research, it is still not clear if EMDR is a similarly effective treatment for chronic pain. Controlled trials are lacking and whether specific mechanisms underlie the effects remains unknown. The treatment of chronic pain aims at a reduction of subjective pain sensations. To achieve this goal without the usage of pain medications, i. e. through psychotherapy, is desirable for many reasons (e. g. reduction of treatment costs and side effects). Whether or not EMDR is an effective intervention for all chronic pain patients (or just a specific subgroup) constitutes an important question for psychological pain research.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Literatur

  1. Asmundson GJ, Coons MJ, Taylor S et al (2002) PTSD and the experience of pain: research and clinical implications of shared vulnerability and mutual maintenance models. Can J Psychiatry 47:930–937

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Brattberg G (2008) Self-administered EFT (emotional freedom techniques) in individuals with Ffibromyalgia: a randomized trial. Integr Med 7:30–35

    Google Scholar 

  3. Chen YR, Hung KW, Tsai JC et al (2014) Efficacy of eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing for patients with posttraumatic-stress disorder: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. PLOS ONE 9:e103676

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Coubard OA (2016) An integrative model for the neural mechanism of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Front Behav Neurosci 10:52

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Estergard L (2009) Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in the treatment of chronic pain. Walden University, Walden

    Google Scholar 

  6. Gerhardt A, Eich W, Seidler G et al (2013) Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in chronic pain conditions. OA Musculoskelet Med 1:7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Gerhardt A, Leisner S, Hartmann M et al (2016) Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing vs. treatment-as-usual for non-specific chronic back pain patients with psychological trauma: a randomized controlled pilot study. Front Psychiatry 7:201

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Hase M, Leutner S, Tumani V et al (2013) Eye movement desenstization and reprocessing (EMDR): Eine ungewöhnliche Form der Psychotherapie. Dtsch Arztebl 11:512–514

    Google Scholar 

  9. Hashmi JA, Baliki MN, Huang L et al (2013) Shape shifting pain: chronification of back pain shifts brain representation from nociceptive to emotional circuits. Brain 136:2751–2768

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Häuser W, Galek A, Erbsloh-Moller B et al (2013) Posttraumatic stress disorder in fibromyalgia syndrome: prevalence, temporal relationship between posttraumatic stress and fibromyalgia symptoms, and impact on clinical outcome. Pain 154:1216–1223

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Lane J (2009) The neurochemistry of counterconditioning: acupressure desensitization in psychotherapy. Energy Psychol Theory Res Treat 1:31–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Leisner S, Gerhardt A, Tesarz J et al (2014) Childhood abuse experiences and chronic low back pain. Direct and mediated effects of childhood abuse in different pain dimensions of nonspecific chronic low back pain. Schmerz 28:600–606

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Liedl A, Knaevelsrud C (2008) PTBS und chronische Schmerzen: Entstehung, Aufrechterhaltung und Zusammenhang – ein Überblick. Schmerz 22:644–651

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Marcus SV (2008) Phase 1 of integrated EMDR: An abortive treatment for migraine headaches. J EMDR Pract Res 2:15–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Maroufi M, Zamani S, Izadikhah Z et al (2016) Investigating the effect of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) on postoperative pain intensity in adolescents undergoing surgery: a randomized controlled trial. J Adv Nurs 72:2207–2217

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Ray A, Zbik A (2001) Cognitive behavioral therapies and beyond. In: Tollison CD, Satterhwaite JR, Tollison JW (Hrsg) Practical pain management, 3. Aufl. Lippincott, Philadelphia, S 189–208

    Google Scholar 

  17. Rome HP Jr., Rome JD (2000) Limbically augmented pain syndrome (LAPS): kindling, corticolimbic sensitization, and the convergence of affective and sensory symptoms in chronic pain disorders. Pain Med 1:7–23

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Sack M, Zehl S, Otti A et al (2016) A comparison of dual attention, eye movements, and exposure only during eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for posttraumatic stress disorder: results from a randomized clinical trial. Psychother Psychosom 85:357–365

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Shapiro F (1989) Eye movement desensitization: a new treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 20:211–217

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Shapiro F (2001) Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: basic principles, protocols procedures, 2. Aufl. Guilford Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  21. Shapiro F, Laliotis D (2011) EMDR and the adaptive information processing model: Integrative treatment and case conceptualization. Clin Soc Work J 39:191–200

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Sharp TJ, Harvey AG (2001) Chronic pain and posttraumatic stress disorder: mutual maintenance? Clin Psychol Rev 21:857–877

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Stickgold R (2002) EMDR: a putative neurobiological mechanism of action. J Clin Psychol 58:61–75

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Tesarz J, Leisner S, Gerhardt A et al (2014) Effects of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment in chronic pain patients: a systematic review. Pain Med 15:247–263

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Tesarz J, Gerhardt A, Leisner S et al (2015) Distinct quantitative sensory testing profiles in nonspecific chronic back pain subjects with and without psychological trauma. Pain 156:577–586

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Tesarz J, Eich W, Treede RD et al (2016) Altered pressure pain thresholds and increased wind-up in adult patients with chronic back pain with a history of childhood maltreatment: a quantitative sensory testing study. Pain 157:1799–1809

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Tesarz J, Seidler GH, Eich W (2016) Chronische Schmerzstörungen: Einsatz von EMDR in der Schmerztherapie. Psychother Dialog 4:14–16

    Google Scholar 

  28. Van Der Kolk B (1994) The body keeps a score: memory and evolving psychobiology of posttraumatic stress. Harv Rev Psychiatry 1:253–265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Williams AC, Eccleston C, Morley S (2012) Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain (excluding headache) in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007407.pub3

    PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universitätsklinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensiv‑, Palliativ- und Schmerzmedizin, Abteilung für Schmerzmedizin, Berufsgenossenschaftliches Universitätsklinikum Bergmannsheil, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Deutschland

    M. Wicking, C. Maier & K. Bernardy

  2. Klinik für Allgemeine Innere Medizin und Psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland

    J. Tesarz

Authors
  1. M. Wicking
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. C. Maier
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. J. Tesarz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. K. Bernardy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Wicking.

Ethics declarations

Interessenkonflikt

M. Wicking, C. Maier, J. Tesarz und K. Bernardy geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Wicking, M., Maier, C., Tesarz, J. et al. EMDR als psychotherapeutischer Ansatz in der Schmerztherapie. Schmerz 31, 456–462 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-017-0231-0

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-017-0231-0

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Search

Navigation