Zusammenfassung
Die vorliegende Übersicht über Ergebnisse zur Prävalenz der muskuloskelettalen Schmerzen zeigt, dass es sich dabei um eine epidemiologisch sehr bedeutsame Gesundheitsstörung handelt. Nach den Ergebnissen des Bundesgesundheitssurveys beträgt die Prävalenz schwergradiger muskuloskelettaler Schmerzen in der erwachsenen Bevölkerung ca. 16%. Frauen sind von diesen Schmerzen häufiger betroffen als Männer (Frauen 18%, Männer 14%), es besteht eine Altersabhängigkeit mit einem Prävalenzanstieg bis ca. ins 5. Lebensjahrzehnt. Ein Vergleich mit den Angaben zur Prävalenz ausgebreiteter chronischer Schmerzen erlaubt die realistische Schätzung der Prävalenz klinisch relevanter muskuloskelettaler Schmerzen. In den Befunden von Längsschnittstudien zeigt sich eine hohe Übereinstimmung im Hinblick auf den Verlauf von muskuloskelettalen Schmerzen. Die bisher beschriebenen Risikofaktoren sind—mit Ausnahme von vorher bestehenden Schmerzen—mit dem Auftreten und dem Verlauf der Schmerzen nur mittelstark assoziiert.
Abstract
This review of studies on the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain demonstrates the epidemiologic relevance of this health problem. Based on the results of the German National Health Survey, about 16% of the adult population is affected by severe musculoskeletal pain. Prevalence in women is higher than in men (women: 18%, men: 14%) and dependent on age, with a maximum prevalence occurring around the age of 50 to 60. In a comparison with results on the prevalence of chronic widespread pain, a realistic estimate of the prevalence of clinically relevant musculoskeletal pain can be derived. Findings from longitudinal studies show considerable agreement with respect to the natural course of musculoskeletal pain. Known risk factors—apart from a history of pain experience—are only moderately associated with the occurrence and course of musculoskeletal pain.
Literatur
Andersson H, Ejlertsson G, Leden I (1998) Widespread musculoskeletal chronic pain associated with smoking. An epidemiological study in a general rural population. Scand J Rehabil Med 30:185
Andersson HI, Ejlertsson G, Leden I, Rosenberg C (1996) Characteristics of subjects with chronic pain, in relation to local and widespread pain report. A prospective study of symptoms, clinical findings and blood tests in subgroups of a geographically defined population. Scand J Rheumatol 25:146
Bellach BM, Ellert U, Radoschewski M (2000) Epidemiologie des Schmerzes—Ergebnisse des Bundes-Gesundheitssurveys 1998. Bundesgesundheitsblatt—Gesundheitsforschung—Gesundheitsschutz 43:424
Bellach BM, Knopf H, Thefeld W (1998) Der Bundes-Gesundheitssurvey 1997/1998. Gesundheitswesen 60:59
Bergman S, Herrström P, Högström K, Petersson IF, Svensson B, Jacobsson LTH (2001) Chronic musculoskeletal pain, prevalence rates, and sociodemographic associations in a Swedish population study. J Rheumatol 28:1369
Bergman S, Herrström P, Jacobsson LTH, Petersson IF (2002) Chronic widespread pain: a three year followup of pain distribution and risk ractors. J Rheumatol 29:818
Berkley KJ (1997) Sex differences in pain. Behav Brain Sci 20:371–380
Buskila D, Abramov G, Biton A, Neumann L (2000) The prevalence of pain complaints in a general population in Israel and its implications for utilization of health services. J Rheumatol 27:1521
Croft P, Rigby AS, Boswell R, Schollum J, Silman A (1993) The prevalence of chronic widespread pain in the general population. J Rheumatol 20:710
Forseth KØ, Førre Ø, Gran JT (1999) A 5.5 year prospective study of self-reported musculoskeletal pain and of fibromyalgia in a female population: significance and natural history. Clin Rheumatol 18:114
Gureje O, von Korff M, Simon GE, Gater R (1998) Persistent pain and well-being. JAMA 280:147
Hasselström J, Liu-Palmgren J, Rasjö-Wrååk G (2002) Prevalence of pain in general practice. Eur J Pain 6:375
Hildebrandt VH, Bongers PM, Dul J, van Dijk FJ, Kemper HC (2000) The relationship between leisure time, physical activities and musculoskeletal symptoms and disability in worker populations. Int Arch Occupat Environ Health 73:507
Hoogendoorn WE, van Poppel MN, Bongers PM, Koes BW, Bouter I (2000) Systematic review of psychosocial factors at work and private life as risk factors for back pain. Spine 25:2114
Hunt IM, Silman AJ, Benjamin S, McBeth J, Macfarlane GJ (1999) The prevalence and associated features of chronic widespread pain in the community using the "Manchester" definition of chronic widespread pain. Rheumatology 38:275
Leboeuf-Y de C (1999) Smoking and low back pain. A systematic literature review of 41 journal articles reporting 47 epidemiologic studies. Spine 24:1463
LeResche L (1999) Gender considerations in the epidemiology of chronic pain. In: Crombie IK (ed) Epidemiology of pain. IASP Press, Seattle, p 43
Lindell L, Bergman S, Petersson IF, Jacobsson LT, Herrstrom P (2000) Prevalence of fibromyalgia and chronic widespread pain. Scand J Prim Health Care18:149
Linton SJ (2000) A review of psychological risk factors in back and neck pain. Spine 25:1148
Macfarlane GJ (1999) Fibromyalgia and chronic widespread pain. In: Crombie IK (ed) Epidemiology of pain. IASP Press, Seattle, p 113
Macfarlane GJ, Croft PR, Schollum J, Silman AJ (1996) Widespread pain: is an improved classification possible? J Rheumatol 23:1628
Mäntyselkä P, Kumpusalo E, Ahonen R, Kumpusalo A, Kauhanen J, Viinamäki H, Halonen P, Takala J (2001) Pain as a reason to visit the doctor: a study in Finnish primary health care. Pain 89:175
McBeth J, Macfarlane GJ, Hunt IM, Silman AJ (2001) Risk factors for persistent chronic widespread pain: a community-based study. Rheumatology 40:95
Myers CD, Riley III JL, Robinson ME (2003) Psychosocial contributions to sex-correlated differences in pain. Clin J Pain 19:225
Palmer KT, Syddall H, Cooper C, Coggon D (2003) Smoking and musculoskeletal disorders: findings from a British national survey. Ann Rheum Dis 62:33
Picavet HSJ, Vlaeyen JWS, Schouten JSAG (2002) Pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia: predictors of chronic low back pain. Am J Epidemiol 156:1028
Raspe H, Kohlmann T, Deck R, Bützow C (1994) Back pain: occurrence and natural course in a one year prospective period. Br J Rheumatol 3 [suppl 1]:119
Rollman GB, Lautenbacher S (2001) Sex differences in musculoskeletal pain. Clin J Pain 17:20
Schochat T, Raspe H (2003) Elements of fibromyalgia in an open population. Rheumatology 42:829
Unruh AM (1996) Gender variations in clinical pain experience. Pain 65:123
White KP, Nielson WR, Harth M, Ostbey T, Speechley M (2002) Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain with or without fibromyalgia: psychological distress in a representative community adult sample. J Rheumatol 29:588
Willweber-Strumpf A, Zenz M, Bartz D (2000) Epidemiologie chronischer Schmerzen. Schmerz 14:84
Wolfe F, Ross K, Anderson J, Russell IJ, Hebert L (1995) The prevalence and characteristics of fibromyalgia in the general population. Arthritis Rheum 38:19
Wolfe F, Smythe HA, Yunus MB, Bennett RM, Bombardier C, Goldenberg DL, Tugwell P, Campbell SM, Abeles M, Clark P et al. (1990) The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia. Report of the multicenter criteria committee. Arthritis Rheum 33:160
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kohlmann, T. Muskuloskelettale Schmerzen in der Bevölkerung. Schmerz 17, 405–411 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-003-0250-x
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-003-0250-x
Schlüsselwörter
- Muskuloskelettale Schmerzen
- Epidemiologie
- Prävalenz
- Querschnittsstudien
- Längsschnittstudien
- Bundesgesundheitssurvey
- Risikofaktoren