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Synergetic change of water, energy and food in China: quantitative description and challenges

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Abstract

With the economic and social development and population growth, as three basic interconnected resources, water, energy and food are gradually deficient and inharmonious. This research selected 31 provinces of China as the study area and collected data of 16 years’ time series. The temporal and spatial synergetic change of water, energy and food was quantitatively described by wavelet analysis and MK test methods. The results show that water consumption for energy in 2001–2016 has the first main period of 12 years and the temporal synergetic change of water and energy would not be obvious in the future. According to the results, the resources consumption of water energy and food can be optimized to implement the sustainable utilization. Also, this paper proposed the adjustment strategy for the country.

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Acknowledgements

This research is financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC0404602), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M622353), Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Henan in China (170394), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41530532). The authors are grateful to the editors and anonymous reviewers, whose help improves the quality of the paper significantly.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Planning Research, Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450003, China

    Liming Ma, Chaoqun Li, Xiaoyan Hu & Peng Wang

  2. College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China

    Xiao Li

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  1. Liming Ma
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  2. Chaoqun Li
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  3. Xiaoyan Hu
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  4. Peng Wang
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Correspondence to Chaoqun Li.

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Ma, L., Li, C., Hu, X. et al. Synergetic change of water, energy and food in China: quantitative description and challenges. Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess 35, 43–68 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00477-020-01812-1

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