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Afforestation suitability and production potential of five tree species on abandoned farmland in response to climate change, Czech Republic

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Populus nigra and Picea abies achieved the largest standing volume at 50 years of age in basalt mountainous sites in Central Europe, but they also present the highest risk in the case of rising temperature and drought extremes. The most climatically resistant tree species were Larix decidua and Alnus glutinosa , which had a lower productivity in the current conditions.

Based on carbon sequestration, growth, and damage rate, a revision of selected tree species capable of fulfilling production and non-production functions of the forest in the setting of global climate change was performed. Stands of Norway spruce, European larch, sycamore maple, black alder, and black poplar on abandoned farmland in the Doupovské hory Mts., Czech Republic, were analyzed. At about 52 years of age, spruce had the significantly highest average stand volume (417 m3 ha−1), while the highest carbon sequestration in tree biomass was found in poplar (169 t ha−1). On the contrary, maple showed the lowest average stand volume (183 m3 ha−1) and the amount of carbon (90 t ha−1). While maple radial increment was mostly negatively influenced by precipitation, the growth of spruce and poplar generally correlated positively (r = 0.26–0.33) with precipitation. For other tree species, the correlation was non-significant. Alder and larch were the most robust to climate factors, while the most climate-sensitive tree species was maple in relation to radial growth. The lowest tree damage was observed in alder (8% trees of the same species were damaged) and maple (9%). Larch (36%) and poplar (51%) differed from the previous two, due to many breaks, while the most damage was confirmed in spruce (74%) because of bark stripping and rot. The establishment of mixed stands of spruce with larch and maple may be regarded as a climate-smart silvicultural approach with clear environmental and economic benefits. On sites with high groundwater levels, poplar and alder represent a feasible alternative.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Richard Lee Manore, a native speaker, and Jitka Šišáková, an expert in the field, for checking the English. Acknowledgement goes to the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute for providing the climate data sets. Finally, we also thank the three anonymous reviewers and the editor for their constructive comments and suggestions that helped improve the article.

Funding

This study was supported by the Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (Excellent team 2021–2022) and Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic (No. QK1910232).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16521, Prague, Czech Republic

    Zdeněk Vacek, Lukáš Bílek, Jiří Remeš, Stanislav Vacek, Jan Cukor, Josef Gallo, Václav Šimůnek, Daniel Bulušek, Jakub Brichta & Daniel Zahradník

  2. Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady 136, 25202, Jíloviště, Czech Republic

    Jan Cukor

  3. Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16521, Prague, Czech Republic

    Oldřich Vacek & Ondřej Drábek

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Vacek, Z., Bílek, L., Remeš, J. et al. Afforestation suitability and production potential of five tree species on abandoned farmland in response to climate change, Czech Republic. Trees 36, 1369–1385 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-022-02295-z

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