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Comparative analysis of periderm suberin in stems and roots of Tetraena mongolica Maxim and Zygophyllum xanthoxylum (Bunge) Engl

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Abstract

Key message

The chemical analysis and the expression patterns of related genes were determined to reveal and compare the adaptation mechanism of T. mongolica and Z. xanthoxylum to arid environments.

Abstract

Tetraena mongolica Maxim, the only member of the Tetraena genus in the Zygophyllaceae, is endemic to the northwest of China and is normally accompanied by another plant species in the same taxonomic family, Z. xanthoxylum (Bunge) Engl, and they play a key role in the ecology of the local environment. In order to survive in the local arid environment, many plants have developed a variety of adaptive mechanisms, including the formation of effective protective barrier, such as suberin in the stems and roots that can prevent plants from losing water and improve their adaptability to water-deficient environments. Previous studies have shown that Z. xanthoxylum had stronger drought tolerance than T. mongolica. Here, the water loss rates, the chemical composition of suberin and associated fatty acids in the periderms of stems and roots from T. mongolica and Z. xanthoxylum were determined. The expression level of genes related to suberin and associated fatty acid metabolism of the two species were also analyzed through transcriptome sequencing. The results showed that the stem and root periderms of these two species had similar chemical composition of suberin and fatty acids; however, much higher amount of suberin monomers and fatty acids were found in T. mongolica. Accordingly, transcriptome sequencing showed that more of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with suberin and associated fatty acid biosynthesis were up-regulated in the stem periderms of T. mongolica; however, minority of DEGs were up-regulated in root periderms of T. mongolica, compared with Z. xanthoxylum. This study lays an important foundation for revealing the adaptation mechanism of T. mongolica and Z. xanthoxylum to arid environments and for comparing the adaptability differences of these two species.

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Data availability

The transcriptome sequencing raw data were deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information with the Accession PRJNA647792 and PRJNA647989.

Abbreviations

DEGs:

Differentially expressed genes

FPKM:

Fragment per kilobase of exon model per million mapped reads

GC:

Gas chromatography

KEGG:

Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes

qRT-PCR:

Quantitative reverse transcription PCR

VLCFA:

Very long chain fatty acids

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 31971409), the First Class University and Discipline Construction Project of Minzu University of China (Yldxxk201819).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China

    Minqi Zhou, Ningmei Chen, Yanli Zou, Pengyao Zhang, Junqing He & Xiaojing Xu

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  1. Minqi Zhou
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  2. Ningmei Chen
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  3. Yanli Zou
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Correspondence to Xiaojing Xu.

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Ethical standards

T. mongolica is endemic to the western part of Inner Mongolia and Ningxia, Gansu province and also subjected as nationally endangered in China. Before collecting the plant materials and performing the experiments, an oral permission was got from the local management of forestry after applying with introduction letters from College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China.

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Fig. S1.

Typical leaf and branching morphology of T. mongolica (a) and Z. xanthoxylum (b) growing in natural habitats of Mengxi, Ordos County, Inner Mongolia. Supplementary file1 (JPG 2400 KB)

Fig. S2.

The suberin monomer content in the periderms of stems (a) and roots (b) from T. mongolica and Z. xanthoxylum. Values represent the amount in μg/cm2 of area for each suberin monomer. Supplementary file2 (JPG 2581 KB)

Fig. S3.

The Unigene KEGG function distribution in the periderms of stems (a) and roots (b) from T. mongolica and Z. xanthoxylum. Supplementary file3 (JPG 2493 KB)

Fig. S4.

The lipid metabolism pathways of All-Unigenes in the periderms of stems (a) and roots (b) from T. mongolica and Z. xanthoxylum. Supplementary file4 (JPG 2086 KB)

Supplementary file5 (XLSX 12 KB)

Supplementary file6 (XLSX 11 KB)

Supplementary file7 (XLSX 14 KB)

Supplementary file8 (XLSX 21 KB)

Supplementary file9 (XLSX 21 KB)

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Zhou, M., Chen, N., Zou, Y. et al. Comparative analysis of periderm suberin in stems and roots of Tetraena mongolica Maxim and Zygophyllum xanthoxylum (Bunge) Engl. Trees 36, 325–339 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-021-02208-6

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