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Genetic variation in carbon isotope discrimination-based water use efficiency of teak (Tectona grandis L. f.) and its association with growth and wood quality traits

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Abstract

Teak (Tectona grandis L. f.) is one of the most preferred tropical timber species for afforestation, reforestation, and commercial plantation in the world. In the event of global warming caused by projected climate change, water-use-efficient teak planting stock would become essential for breeding and plantation activities. To characterize and to evaluate the association of water-use efficiency (WUE) with other growth and wood quality traits, we measured height, girth at breast height (GBH), wood density (WD), and carbon isotope discrimination (CID) values of 162 teak plus trees in a national teak germplasm bank (NTGB). The genetic diversity and structure of these accessions were also confirmed through 21 microsatellite markers for confirmation of their representation of teak meta-population in India. Results indicate 30.43% variation in average height (11.17 ± 3.40 m), 25.51% variation in GBH (67.18 ± 17.14 cm), and 7.48% variation in WD (789.24 ± 59.04 kg/m3) among the accessions. The accessions exhibited a significantly high level of genetic polymorphism (88.74%) with a moderate level of Shannon’s diversity index (0.53) and comparatively low heterozygosity (0.27). No significant correlation was found between height and GBH with the CID values. This confirms that the measurement of growth and wood quality traits in teak alone is not helpful to tree breeders for indirect selection of water-use efficient trees. Rather, assessment of more specific traits related to growth, wood quality, and WUE of teak in different locales will be required to improve the teak germplasm in India.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to Directors, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow and Tropical Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur for support and encouragement. The authors also would like to thank Director, Maharashtra Van Sanshodhan Sansthan (MVSS), Chandrapur, for permission to access the teak germplasm bank. The fellowship support to Vivek Vaishnav by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) New Delhi (India) is also gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Plant Diversity, Systematics and Herbarium Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India

    Vivek Vaishnav & Tikam S. Rana

  2. Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal, Manipur, 795003, India

    Vivek Vaishnav

  3. Genetics and Tree Improvement Division, Tropical Forest Research Institute, P. O.- R.F.R.C., Mandla Road, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, 482021, India

    Pramod Kumar

  4. Plant Physiology Laboratory, Plant Ecology and Environmental Technology Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India

    Pramod A. Shirke

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  1. Vivek Vaishnav
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  4. Tikam S. Rana
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Contributions

VV performed field sampling, carried out laboratory experiments, analyzed the data, and prepared the draft of the manuscript. PK supervised the project as project investigator. PAS designed the experiment to measure the CID of teak wood samples using IRMS and reviewed the literature supporting water-use-efficiency in plants. TSR supervised all the work and improved the manuscript for communication. All authors contributed equally to the final draft of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Tikam S. Rana.

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The input data file along with details of the accessions will be submitted as Supplementary Files on acceptance.

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Communicated by L. Gratani.

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Vaishnav, V., Kumar, P., Shirke, P.A. et al. Genetic variation in carbon isotope discrimination-based water use efficiency of teak (Tectona grandis L. f.) and its association with growth and wood quality traits. Trees 35, 799–807 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-020-02078-4

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