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Muscle wasting in chronic kidney disease

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Abstract

Loss of lean body mass is a relevant component of the cachexia, or protein energy wasting (PEW), syndrome. Reduced muscle mass seems to be the most solid criterion for the presence of cachexia/PEW in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and those with greater muscle mass loss have a higher risk of death. Children with CKD have many risk factors for lean mass and muscle wasting, including poor appetite, inflammation, growth hormone resistance, and metabolic acidosis. Mortality risks in patients with CKD increases as body mass index (BMI) and weight decreases. However, data regarding cachexia/PEW and muscle wasting in children with CKD is scarce due to lack of consensus in diagnostic criteria and an appropriate investigative methodology. Further research is urgently needed to address this important complication in the pediatric CKD setting, which may have fundamental impact on clinical outcomes.

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  1. Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Rady Children’s Hospital, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0630, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0630, USA

    Eduardo A. Oliveira, Wai W. Cheung, Kalodiah G. Toma & Robert H. Mak

  2. Pediatric Nephrourology Division, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil

    Eduardo A. Oliveira

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RHK Mak is supported by NIH grants U01 DK-03012 and R24HD050837​. EA Oliveira is supported by grants CAPES 2746–15-8 and FAPEMIG PPM-00228-15.

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Oliveira, E.A., Cheung, W.W., Toma, K.G. et al. Muscle wasting in chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 33, 789–798 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-017-3684-6

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