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Cisplatinum nephrotoxicity in oncology therapeutics: retrospective review of patients treated between 2005 and 2012

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Abstract

Background

Cisplatinum (CP) is associated with acute kidney injury. The aim of this study was to define the spectrum of CP-induced nephrotoxicity in current practice.

Case-Diagnosis/Treatment

A single-center, retrospective chart review was performed on children who received CP for treatment of a malignancy at the Hassenfeld Children’s Center for Blood and Cancer Disorders of NYU Langone Medical Center between 2005 and 2012. Patients were considered to have nephrotoxicity if they had: (1) a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of ≥30 % or (2) a decline in serum magnesium of ≥0.2 meq/L or (3) a decline in serum potassium of ≥0.2 meq/L. Thirty-two patients (mean age 8.0 ± 7.0 years) were included in this review, of whom 21 had a brain tumor (BT) and 11 had an osteosarcoma (OS); 31 (97 %) of the patients had a disturbance in renal function. The mean reduction in eGFR, serum magnesium and potassium was 37 ± 17, 30 ± 16 and 25 ± 14 %, respectively. The decline in eGFR, hypomagnesemia and hypokalemia was persistent in 38, 60 and 40 % of cases, respectively, through the short-term follow-up period. No patients required dialysis.

Conclusions

Nearly all patients receiving CP in current care experience modest glomerular and tubular injury. The abnormalities persist in 40–60 % of cases during the short-term recovery period after CP treatment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

    Morgan Finkel, Adam Goldstein, Yael Steinberg & Howard Trachtman

  2. Division of Hematology–Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

    Linda Granowetter

  3. Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI), NYU Langone Medical Center, 227 East 30th Street, New York, NY, 10016, USA

    Howard Trachtman

Authors
  1. Morgan Finkel
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  2. Adam Goldstein
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  3. Yael Steinberg
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  4. Linda Granowetter
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  5. Howard Trachtman
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Howard Trachtman.

Electronic supplementary material

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Supplemental Figure 1

This flow chart summarizes the charts reviewed and the number of cases that were excluded and included in the retrospective analysis. (DOCX 62 kb)

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Finkel, M., Goldstein, A., Steinberg, Y. et al. Cisplatinum nephrotoxicity in oncology therapeutics: retrospective review of patients treated between 2005 and 2012. Pediatr Nephrol 29, 2421–2424 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-014-2935-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-014-2935-z

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