Skip to main content
Log in

Application of triangular element invariants for geometrically nonlinear analysis of functionally graded shells

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Computational Mechanics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper is an attempt to construct a computationally effective curved triangular finite element for geometrically nonlinear analysis of elastic shear deformable shells fabricated from functionally graded materials. The focus is on the concise finite-element formulation under the demand of accuracy-simplicity trade-off. To this end, a nonconventional approach based on the invariants of the natural strains of fibers parallel to the element edges is used. The approach allows one to obtain algorithmic formulas for computing the stiffness matrix, gradient, and Hessian of the total strain energy of the finite element. Transverse shear deformation effects are taken into account using the first order shear deformation theory with the shear correction factor dependent on the material property distribution across the shell thickness. The performance of the proposed finite element is demonstrated using problems of functionally graded plates and shells under mechanical and thermal loads.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Koizumi M (1993) The concept of FGM. Ceramic Transactions Functionally Gradient Materials 34: 3–10

    Google Scholar 

  2. Chi S, Chung Y (2006) Mechanical behavior of functionally graded material plates under transverse load—part I: analysis. Int J Solids Struct 43: 3657–3674

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  3. Chi S, Chung Y (2006) Mechanical behavior of functionally graded material plates under transverse load—part II: numerical results. Int J Solids Struct 43: 3675–3691

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  4. Navazi HM, Haddadpour H, Rasekh M (2006) An analytical solution for nonlinear cylindrical bending of functionally graded plates. Thin Walled Struct 44: 1129–1137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Ghannadpour SAM, Alinia MM (2006) Large deflection behavior of functionally graded plates under pressure loads. Compos Struct 75: 67–71

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Samsam Shariat BA, Javaheri R, Eslami MR (2005) Buckling of imperfect functionally graded plates under in-plane compressive loading. Thin Walled Struct 43: 1020–1036

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Samsam Shariat BA, Eslami MR (2006) Thermal buckling of imperfect functionally graded plates. Int J Solids Struct 43: 4082–4096

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Javaheri R, Eslami MR (2002) Buckling of functionally graded plates under in-plane compressive loading. Z Angew Math Mech 82: 277–283

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Javaheri R, Eslami MR (2002) Thermal buckling of functionally graded plates. AIAA J 40: 162–169

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Yang J, Shen HS (2003) Non-linear analysis of functionally graded plates under transverse and in-plane loads. Int J Non Linear Mech 38: 467–482

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Ma LS, Wang TJ (2003) Nonlinear bending and post-buckling of a functionally graded circular plate under mechanical and thermal loadings. Int J Solids Struct 40: 3311–3330

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Najafizadeh MM, Eslami MR (2002) Buckling analysis of circular plates of functionally graded materials under uniform radial compression. Int J Mech Sci 44: 2479–2493

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Woo J, Meguid SA (2001) Nonlinear analysis of functionally graded plates and shallow shells. Int J Solids Struct 38: 7409–7421

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Huang HW, Han Q (2009) Nonlinear elastic buckling and postbuckling of axially compressed functionally graded cylindrical shells. Int J Mech Sci 51: 500–507

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Huang HW, Han Q (2010) Research on nonlinear postbuckling of functionally graded cylindrical shells under radial loads. Compos Struct 92: 1352–1357

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Wu L, Jiang ZQ, Liu J (2005) Thermoelastic stability of functionally graded cylindrical shells. Compos Struct 70: 60–68

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Yang J, Liew KM, Wu YF, Kitipornchai S (2006) Thermo-mechanical post-buckling of FGM cylindrical panels with temperature-dependent properties. Int J Solids Struct 43: 307–324

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Li SR, Batra RC (2006) Buckling of axially compressed thin cylindrical shells with functionally graded middle layer. Thin Walled Struct 44: 1039–1047

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Praveen GN, Reddy JN (1998) Nonlinear transient thermoelastic analysis of functionally graded ceramic-metal plates. Int J Solids Struct 35((33): 4457–4476

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Croce LD, Venini P (2004) Finite elements for functionally graded Reissner–Mindlin plates. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 193: 705–725

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. Navazi HM, Haddadpour H (2008) Nonlinear cylindrical bending analysis of shear deformable functionally graded plates under different loadings using analytical methods. Int J Mech Sci 50: 1650–1657

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Wu L (2004) Thermal buckling of a simply supported moderately thick rectangular FGM plate. Compos Struct 64: 211–218

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Prakash T, Singha MK, Ganapathi M (2008) Thermal postbuckling analysis of FGM skew plates. Eng Struct 30: 22–32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Prakash T, Singha MK, Ganapathi M (2009) Influence of neutral surface position on the nonlinear stability behavior of functionally graded plates. Comput Mech 43: 341–350

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. Wu TL, Shukla KK, Huang JH (2007) Post-buckling analysis of functionally graded rectangular plates. Compos Struct 81: 1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Shen HS (2009) Functionally graded materials: nonlinear analysis of plates and shells. CRC Press, Boca Raton

    Book  Google Scholar 

  27. Shen HS (2007) Thermal postbuckling behavior of shear deformable FGM plates with temperature-dependent properties. Int J Mech Sci 49: 466–478

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Park JS, Kim JH (2006) Thermal postbuckling and vibration analyses of functionally graded plates. J Sound Vib 289: 77–93

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Aydogdu M (2008) Conditions for functionally graded plates to remain flat under in-plane loads by classical plate theory. Compos Struct 82: 155–157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Nosier A, Fallah F (2009) Nonlinear analysis of functionally graded circular plates under asymmetric transverse loading. Int J Non Linear Mech 44: 928–942. doi:10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2009.07.001

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. Santos H, Mota Soares CM, Mota Soares CA, Reddy JN (2009) A semi-analytical finite element model for the analysis of cylindrical shells made of functionally graded materials. Compos Struct 91: 427–432

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Ganesan N, Kadoli R (2004) Studies on linear thermoelastic buckling and free vibration analysis of geometrically perfect hemispherical shells with cut-out. J Sound Vib 277: 855–879

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Bhangale RK, Ganesan N, Padmanabhan C (2006) Linear thermoelastic buckling and free vibration behavior of functionally graded truncated conical shells. J Sound Vib 292: 341–371

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Zhao X, Liew KM (2009) Geometrically nonlinear analysis of functionally graded shells. Int J Mech Sci 51: 131–144

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Arciniega RA, Reddy JN (2007) Large deformation analysis of functionally graded shells. Int J Solids Struct 44: 2036–2052

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  36. Nguyen TK, Sab K, Bonnet G (2008) First-order shear deformation plate models for functionally graded materials. Compos Struct 83: 25–36

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Reddy JN (2000) Analysis of functionally graded plates. Int J Numer Methods Eng 47: 663–684

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  38. Najafizadeh MM, Heydari HR (2008) An exact solution for buckling of functionally graded circular plates based on higher order shear deformation plate theory under uniform radial compression. Int J Mech Sci 50: 603–612

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Li XY, Ding HJ, Chen WQ (2006) Pure bending of simply supported circular plate of transversely isotropic functionally graded material. J Zhejiang Univ Sci A 7(8): 1324–1328

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  40. Li XY, Ding HJ, Chen WQ (2008) Elasticity solutions for a transversely isotropic functionally graded circular plate subject to an axisymmetric transverse load qr k. Int J Solids Struct 45: 191–210

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  41. Cheng ZQ, Batra RC (2000) Deflection relationships between the homogeneous Kirchhoff plate theory and different functionally graded plate theories. Arch Mech 52: 143–158

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  42. Vel SS, Batra RC (2002) Exact solution for thermoelastic deformations of functionally graded thick rectangular plates. AIAA J 40: 1421–1433

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Kuznetsov VV, Levyakov SV (2007) Phenomenological invariant-based finite-element model for geometrically nonlinear analysis of thin shells. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 196: 4952–4964

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  44. Kuznetsov VV, Levyakov SV (2008) Geometrically nonlinear shell finite element based on the geometry of a planar curve. Finite Elem Anal Des 44: 450–461

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  45. Kuznetsov VV, Levyakov SV (2009) Phenomenological invariants and their application to geometrically nonlinear formulation of triangular finite elements of shear deformable shells. Int J Solids Struct 46: 1019–1032

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  46. Argyris JH, Tenek L (1994) A practicable and locking-free laminated shallow shell triangular element of varying and adaptable curvature. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 119: 215–282

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  47. Argyris JH, Tenek L (1996) Natural mode method: a practicable and novel approach to the global analysis of laminated composite plates and shells. Appl Mech Rev 49: 381–399

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Argyris J, Tenek L, Olofsson L (1997) TRIC: a simple but sophisticated 3-node triangular element based on 6 rigid-body and 12 straining modes for fast computational simulations of arbitrary isotropic and laminated composite shells. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 145: 11–85

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  49. Bian ZG, Chen WQ, Lim CW, Zhang N (2005) Analytical solutions for single- and multi-span functionally graded plates in cylindrical bending. Int J Solids Struct 42: 6433–6456

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  50. Kuznetsov VV, Levyakov SV (1994) Kinematic groups and finite elements in deformable body mechanics. Izv Ross Akad Nauk Mekh Tverd Tela 3: 67–82 (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  51. Zhao ZF, Chen WJ (1995) New finite element model for analysis of Kirchhoff plate. Int J Num Methods Eng 38: 1201–1214

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  52. Zienkiewicz OC (1977) The finite element method in engineering science. McGraw-Hill, London

    Google Scholar 

  53. Vlachoutsis S (1992) Shear correction factors for plates and shells. Int J Num Methods Eng 33: 1537–1552

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  54. Soh AK, Long ZF, Cen S (1999) A new nine DOF triangular element for analysis of thick and thin plates. Comput Mech 24: 408–417

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  55. Hong GM, Wang CM, Tan TJ (1993) Analytical buckling solutions for circular Mindlin plates: inclusion of inplane prebuckling deformation. Arch Appl Mech 63: 534–542

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  56. Na KS, Kim JH (2006) Thermal postbuckling investigations of functionally graded plates using 3-D finite element method. Finite Elements Anal Des 42: 749–756

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. V. Levyakov.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Levyakov, S.V., Kuznetsov, V.V. Application of triangular element invariants for geometrically nonlinear analysis of functionally graded shells. Comput Mech 48, 499–513 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00466-011-0603-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00466-011-0603-8

Keywords

Navigation