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Optimal treatment for concomitant gallbladder stones with common bile duct stones and predictors for recurrence of common bile duct stones

Surgical Endoscopy volume 36, pages 4748–4756 (2022)Cite this article

Abstract

Background

The optimal treatment for concomitant gallbladder (GB) stones with common bile duct (CBD) stones and predictors for recurrence of CBD stones are not established.

Methods

This single-center, retrospective study reviewed 466 patients diagnosed with a first event of concomitant GB stones with CBD stones from January 2010 to December 2018.

Results

92 patients underwent single-stage laparoscopic CBD exploration (LCBDE) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) (group1), 108 underwent LCBDE + LC after endoscopic stone extraction (ESE) failure (group2), and 266 underwent ESE + LC (group3). Clearance (95.7 vs. 99.1 vs. 97.0%, p = 0.324) and recurrence rates (5.4 vs. 13.0 vs. 7.9%, p = 0.138) did not differ between groups. Group1 had fewer procedures (p < 0.001), lower post-treatment complication rates (7.6 vs. 18.5 vs. 13.9%, p = 0.082), and shorter hospital stay after the first procedure (5.7 vs 13.0 vs 9.8 days, p < 0.001). 40 patients (8.6%) had recurrence of CBD stones at mean follow-up of 17.1 months, of which 29 (72.5%) occurred within 24 months. In multivariate analysis, a CBD diameter > 8 mm, combined type-1 periampullary diverticulum, and age > 70 years were significant predictors of recurrence.

Conclusion

Single-stage LCBDE + LC is a safe and effective treatment for concomitant GB stones with CBD stones compared to ESE + LC. LCBDE should be considered in patients with a high risk of ESE failure. Careful follow-up is recommended for patients at high risk of recurrence of CBD stones, especially within 24 months after surgical or endoscopic treatment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Myunggok Medical Research Center, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, 35365, South Korea

    Seung Jae Lee, In Seok Choi & Ju Ik Moon

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Myunggok Medical Research Center, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea

    Yong Woo Choi

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  1. Seung Jae Lee
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Correspondence to In Seok Choi.

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Drs. Seung Jae Lee, Ju Ik Moon, Yong Woo Choi, and In Seok Choi have no conflict of interest or financial ties to disclose.

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Lee, S.J., Choi, I.S., Moon, J.I. et al. Optimal treatment for concomitant gallbladder stones with common bile duct stones and predictors for recurrence of common bile duct stones. Surg Endosc 36, 4748–4756 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-021-08815-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-021-08815-1

Keywords

  • Common bile duct stones
  • Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration
  • Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
  • Endoscopic stone extraction